Control of Movement 3 Flashcards
What makes up the spinocerebellum?
Vermis
Intermediate hemisphere
What makes up the cerebrocerebellum?
Lateral hemisphere
What makes up the vestibulocerebellum?
Flocculonodular lobe
What is the function of the vestibulocerebellum?
Maintaining balance and posture
What is the function of the spinocerebellum?
Modulates axial and antigravity muscles alongside eye movements
Which part of the cerebellum has a somatotopical map?
Spinocerebellum
What is the function of the cerebrocerebellum?
Motor planning
Sequences and coordinates distal muscles especially during locomotion
Name the deep nuclei from lateral to medial
Dentate
Emboliform
Globose
Fastigial
What is the role of the fastigial nucleus?
Motor execution via medial descending systems
Head and eye movements via vestibule, tectum and cranial nerves
What is the role of the dentate nucleus?
Motor planning via motor and premotor cortices
What is the role of the interposed nucleus?
Motor execution via the lateral descending system
What is the main input into the vestibulocerebellum?
Vestibular nuclei
What does olivary information enable the vestibulocerebellum to do?
Calculation of predicted postural set to allow feed forward postural adjustments to be made to allow fast postural changes
e.g. when about to start sprinting
What is the overall outcome of the vestibulocerebellum?
Stabilise balance by acting on axial and proximal muscles
Where does the vestibulocerebellum project to?
Fastigial nucleus then vestibular nuclei and medullar reticular formation
What are the characteristics of flocculonodular lobe syndrome?
Seen in children with medulloblastoma
Characterised by truncal ataxia, wide based stance and swaying
What are the inputs into the spinocerebellum?
Motor intention from motor cortex
Proprioception from spinocerebellar and cuneocerebellar tracts
Which nuclei does the spinocerebellum send outputs to?
Emboliform
Globose
Fastigial
Where does EGF project to?
Thalamus –> Cortex
Red nucleus
Vestibular nuclei
Reticular formation
How is information processed in the spinocerebellum?
Planned and actual motor output are compared, and corrective signals are sent
Which systems carryout effect of spinocerebellum?
Medial descending - axial and proximal muscles
Lateral descending - distal muscles
What are the features of anterior lobe syndrome?
Overshoot
Intention tremor
Lack of movement dampening
What is fed into the cerebrocerebellum?
Plan for movement transferred from cortex via pontine nuclei
Which nucleus routes the output from cerebrocerebellum?
Dentate
What is the output from cerebrocerebellum?
Order and timing of movements fed back to cerebral cortex via red nucleus and thalamus
Which other senses use the timing skills of the cerebrocerebellum?
Visual system for predicting movement of objects or oneself
Why do medial lesion to vermis cause bilateral effects?
Medial descending systems are bilateral
Vermis (medial) lesion
Truncal ataxia
Balance, posture
Nystagmus
Why does the cerebellum cause ipsilateral signs?
Double cross
Cerebrocerebellar lesion
Delay in initiation of movement
Loss of complex motor skills
Intermediate lobe (lateral) lesion
Limb ataxia
Action tremor
