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Neurophysiology > Control of Movement 3 > Flashcards

Control of Movement 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What makes up the spinocerebellum?

A

Vermis

Intermediate hemisphere

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2
Q

What makes up the cerebrocerebellum?

A

Lateral hemisphere

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3
Q

What makes up the vestibulocerebellum?

A

Flocculonodular lobe

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4
Q

What is the function of the vestibulocerebellum?

A

Maintaining balance and posture

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5
Q

What is the function of the spinocerebellum?

A

Modulates axial and antigravity muscles alongside eye movements

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6
Q

Which part of the cerebellum has a somatotopical map?

A

Spinocerebellum

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7
Q

What is the function of the cerebrocerebellum?

A

Motor planning

Sequences and coordinates distal muscles especially during locomotion

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8
Q

Name the deep nuclei from lateral to medial

A

Dentate
Emboliform
Globose
Fastigial

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9
Q

What is the role of the fastigial nucleus?

A

Motor execution via medial descending systems

Head and eye movements via vestibule, tectum and cranial nerves

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10
Q

What is the role of the dentate nucleus?

A

Motor planning via motor and premotor cortices

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11
Q

What is the role of the interposed nucleus?

A

Motor execution via the lateral descending system

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12
Q

What is the main input into the vestibulocerebellum?

A

Vestibular nuclei

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13
Q

What does olivary information enable the vestibulocerebellum to do?

A

Calculation of predicted postural set to allow feed forward postural adjustments to be made to allow fast postural changes
e.g. when about to start sprinting

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14
Q

What is the overall outcome of the vestibulocerebellum?

A

Stabilise balance by acting on axial and proximal muscles

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15
Q

Where does the vestibulocerebellum project to?

A

Fastigial nucleus then vestibular nuclei and medullar reticular formation

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16
Q

What are the characteristics of flocculonodular lobe syndrome?

A

Seen in children with medulloblastoma

Characterised by truncal ataxia, wide based stance and swaying

17
Q

What are the inputs into the spinocerebellum?

A

Motor intention from motor cortex

Proprioception from spinocerebellar and cuneocerebellar tracts

18
Q

Which nuclei does the spinocerebellum send outputs to?

A

Emboliform
Globose
Fastigial

19
Q

Where does EGF project to?

A

Thalamus –> Cortex
Red nucleus
Vestibular nuclei
Reticular formation

20
Q

How is information processed in the spinocerebellum?

A

Planned and actual motor output are compared, and corrective signals are sent

21
Q

Which systems carryout effect of spinocerebellum?

A

Medial descending - axial and proximal muscles

Lateral descending - distal muscles

22
Q

What are the features of anterior lobe syndrome?

A

Overshoot
Intention tremor
Lack of movement dampening

23
Q

What is fed into the cerebrocerebellum?

A

Plan for movement transferred from cortex via pontine nuclei

24
Q

Which nucleus routes the output from cerebrocerebellum?

A

Dentate

25
Q

What is the output from cerebrocerebellum?

A

Order and timing of movements fed back to cerebral cortex via red nucleus and thalamus

26
Q

Which other senses use the timing skills of the cerebrocerebellum?

A

Visual system for predicting movement of objects or oneself

27
Q

Why do medial lesion to vermis cause bilateral effects?

A

Medial descending systems are bilateral

28
Q

Vermis (medial) lesion

A

Truncal ataxia
Balance, posture
Nystagmus

29
Q

Why does the cerebellum cause ipsilateral signs?

A

Double cross

30
Q

Cerebrocerebellar lesion

A

Delay in initiation of movement

Loss of complex motor skills

31
Q

Intermediate lobe (lateral) lesion

A

Limb ataxia

Action tremor

Neurophysiology (17 decks)

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