Language and Class Flashcards

1
Q

What is the difference between covert and overt prestige?

A
  • Covert is lower class (e.g. carrying a knife)
  • Overt is more socially acceptable (e.g. getting a good job)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the difference between prescriptivists and descriptivists?

A
  • Prescriptivists believe there there is right and wrong language (based on standard English and Received Pronunciation)
  • Descriptivists (us) try to describe what language is actually like
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What did Alan Ross’ U and Non U study say about language?

A
  • U = upper class, Non U = middle class
  • middle class speakers tried to sound like upper class
  • giveaways were shibboleths
  • e.g.: Preserve instead of jam, pardon instead of what
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What did Bernstein say about the language differences between the classes?

A
  • Both middle class and working class used restricted code (context based + shared knowledge)
    • e.g zapper not remote control
  • Only middle class had access to elaborate code which was used by teachers in tests and textbooks
  • e.g. remote control
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What did Trudgill find in his Norwich Study?

A
  • Norwich was a g dropping city in a g dropping county
  • use of velar nasal /ŋ/ “ng” increased in both classes (0 -> ⅓, ⅓ - 100%) as a result of style
  • higher usage in higher class
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is Henri Tajfel’s Social Identity Theory?

A
  • We exaggerate the similarities within the same group
  • We exaggerate the differences between groups
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly