Accent and Region Flashcards
1
Q
What did Labov’s Department Store Study find?
A
- Direct correlation between class of store and usage of non prevocalic r in “fourth floor” by shop assistant
- Making the shop assistant repeat it increased care and usage of non prevocalic r
- both suggest that language is determined by class as well as region
2
Q
What did Labov’s Martha’s Vineyard Study find?
A
- Islanders who moved to MV change their accent from high -> low prestige to sound like fishermen who already lived there
- e.g “white” sounded like “wait”
- Accents mark group membership and identity
3
Q
What is the Social Network Theory?
A
- Everyone you spend time with is a part of your network
- Closed networks (where they all know eachother) have strong norm enforcement
4
Q
What did Milroy and Milroy’s Belfast study find?
A
- Gave everyone a Network Strength Score based on how many connections + how many multiplex connections
- Those with higher scores had a stronger accent (e.g h/æ/t to h/ɔ:/t) due to stronger norm enforcement
5
Q
What is Howard Giles’ Accommodation Theory?
A
- People change their language according to their audience
- Converge/Diverge
6
Q
What did Nick Coupland’s Cardiff Study find?
A
- Found an indirect correlation between income of a customer and their use of glottalisation
- The travel agent “style shifted” her accent to suit her customer
7
Q
What is the velar nasal?
A
/ŋ/, the ng sound in running
8
Q
What is the alveolar nasal?
A
/n/, the n sound in runnin
9
Q
What is Estuary English?
A
- Accent originated in Thames Valley
- falls between RP and Cockney
10
Q
What are two examples of Estuary English accents?
A
- velarised l
- glottal stop
11
Q
What are rhotic accents?
A
Accents that feature the non-prevovalic r
12
Q
What did Trudgil find in his Norwich Study?
A
- Norwich was a g dropping city in a g dropping county
- use of velar nasal /ŋ/ “ng” increased in both classes (0 -> ⅓, ⅓ - 100%) as a result of style
