Language

Question 1

What side of the brain has the area involved in language production?

Answer 1

left hemisphere of the frontal cortex

Question 2

What does aphasia mean?

Answer 2

A complete loss of speech or language

Question 3

A difficulty in comprehending or properly employing grammatical devices, such as verb endings and word order.

Answer 3

Broca’s Aphasia

Question 4

Difficulty finding (remembering) the appropriate word to describe an object, action, or attribute; one of the symptoms of aphasia

Answer 4

anomia

Question 5

Inability to understand or to produce meaningful language through sentences, though production of words is still intact

Answer 5

Wernicke’s aphasia

Question 6

The ability to hear, to speak and usually to read and write without being able to comprehend the meaning of speech; caused by damage to Wernicke’s area or disruption of auditory input to this region

Answer 6

Pure word deafness

Question 7

A speech disorder in which a person has difficulty comprehending speech and producing meaningful spontaneous speech but can repeat speech; caused by damage to the region of the brain posterior to Wernicke’s area.

Answer 7

Transcortical sensory aphasia

Question 8

An aphasia characterised by the inability to repeat words that are heard but the ability to speak normally and comprehend the speech of others;

Answer 8

conduction aphasia

Question 9

In regards to hearing, where in the brain are words understood?

Answer 9

Wernicke’s area

Question 10

What is the name of the pathway between Wernicke’s area and Broca’s area?

Answer 10

Arcuate fasciculus

Question 11

What is the order of understanding a word?

Answer 11

spoken word, primary auditory cortex, Wernicke’s area, comprehend word heard

Question 12

The ability to hear, to speak, and usually to read and write without being able to comprehend the meaning of speech; caused by damage to wernicke’s area or disruption of auditory input to this region:

Answer 12

pure word deafness

Question 13

A speech disorder in which a person has difficulty comprehending speech and producing meaningful spontatneous speech but can repeat speech; caused by damage to the region of the brain posterior to Wernicke’s rea

Answer 13

Transcortical sensory aphasia

Question 14

An aphasia charaterised bu the inability to repeat words that are heard but the ability to speak normally and comprehend the speech of others

Answer 14

conduction aphasia

Question 15

In regards to eharing, where in the brain are words understood?

Answer 15

Wernicke’s area

Question 16

What is the name of the pathway between Wernicke’s area and Broca’s area?

Answer 16

Arcuate fasciculus

Question 17

What is the order of understanding (hearing) a word? (Wernicke-geschwind model)

Answer 17

spoken word - primary auditory cortex - wernicke’s - comprehend word heard

Question 18

A region in the frontal lobe of the left hemisphere with functions linked to speech

Answer 18

Broca’s area

Question 19

Part of the cerebral cortex linked to speech - involved in the understanding of written and spoken language

Answer 19

Wernicke’s area

Question 20

Impairments in production and comprehension of speech/language?

Answer 20

aphasia

Question 21

What is anomia?

Answer 21

difficulty finding the right word

Question 22

What is alexia?

Answer 22

difficulty reading

Question 23

What is agraphia?

Answer 23

difficulty writing

Question 24

What is the order of speaking a word? (Wernicke-Geschwind model)

Answer 24

thought - Wernicke’s area - Broca’s area - Facial area of motor cortex - cranial nerves - speak

Question 25

A term that refers to a group of reading disorders of varying severity

Answer 25

Dyslexia

Question 26

A neural pathway that connets Wernicke's area with Broca's area, damage to which causes conduction aphasia

Answer 26

Arcuate fasciculus

Question 27

An experiment procedure that tested the fuctions of the two cerebral hemispheres in patients who had undergone a severing of the corpus callosum. This procedure showed that the left hemisphere tended to be dominant for languge, and the right hemisphere for emotion and spatial reasoning.

Answer 27

split-brain procedure

Question 28

The first region of the cerebral cortex, located in the temporal lobes, that receives auditory information

Answer 28

primary auditory cortex

Question 29

Where is the angular gyrus located?

Answer 29

between the occipital lobes (visual cortex) and Wernicke's area

Question 30

What is the purpose of the angular gyrus?

Answer 30

to translate written information into the approapriate mental sounds and meanings

Question 31

Individual does not immediately recognise words, but can do if given time to read out letters one by one, difficulty reading words but not letters

Answer 31

word-form dyslexia (surface)

Question 32

Individual can identify familiar words but is unable to make their sound

Answer 32

phonological dyslexia

Question 33

What is whole word reading?

Answer 33

recognise a word by its visual form or shape

Question 34

What is phonological reading?

Answer 34

identify a word through its distinctive sound

Question 35

What part of the cerebral cotex is involved in spatial skills and emotion?

Answer 35

right hemisphere

Question 36

A non-invasive scanning technique that takes detailed three-dimensional pictures of brain structures by computer analysis of X-rays taken at different points and planes around the head

Answer 36

CAT scan (computerised axial tomography)

Question 37

A non-invasive technique for examining brain function in humans that measures the brain's metabolic activity by use of shot-lived radioactive substances

Answer 37

PET scan (positron emission tomography)

Question 38

A non-invasive scanning technique that measures the magnetic resonance of hydrogen atoms in the brain. (induced by strong magnetic field and radio waves) to build up a detailed three-dinmensional imagine of brain structure

Answer 38

MRI (Magneti resonance imaging)

Question 39

Alexia and agraphia are often symptoms of damage to:

Answer 39

The angular gyrus

Question 40

Which of the following techniques can be used to measure (in vivo) the metabolic activity of the brain?

Answer 40

Positron emission tomography

Question 41

Which of the following techniques uses radio frequency waves to generate pictures of the brain?

Answer 41

Magnetic resonance imaging

Question 42

The angular gyrus conveys information about?

Answer 42

pronunciation of words

Question 43

Dyslexia may result from improper development of the?

Answer 43

left planum temporale

Question 44

What brain region in involved in Wernicke's aphasia?

Answer 44

left posterior temporal lobe

Question 45

What are contains neurons that analyze speech for meaning?

Answer 45

Broca's area