language

Question 1

brocas area

Answer 1

inferior frontal gyrus (44 and 45 of Broadmann’s map)

Question 2

wernickes area

Answer 2

superior temporal gyrus (22 of Broadmann’s map)

Question 3

heschls gyrus

Answer 3

primary auditory cortex (41, 42)

Question 4

premotor area 6

Answer 4

facial movements (mirror neurons)

Question 5

what is the dorsal part of premotor area 6 important for

Answer 5

rhythmic mouth movements that articulate sounds

Question 6

Important areas for language

Answer 6

Heschl’s gyrus, Premotor Area 6, Cerebellum, Visual Areas (left fusiform cortex)

Question 7

What is the left fusiform cortex important for

Answer 7

reading

Question 8

wernickes aphasia

Answer 8

poor comprehension, paraphasias, anomias, fluent speech and poor repitition

Question 9

what is paraphasia

Answer 9

the production of unintended syllables, words, or phrases during the effort to speak

Question 10

what is anomia

Answer 10

problems recalling words, names, numbers

Question 11

transcortical (sensory) aphasia

Answer 11

extrasylvian regions (POT junction), poor comprehension, paraphasias and anomias, fluent speech and good repetition

Question 12

difference between transcortical and wernicke’s aphasias

Answer 12

transcortical has good repetition and is the extrasylvian regions

Question 13

Conduction aphasia

Answer 13

disconnection of fibers that connect language comprehension and speech brain areas, may have problems with repetition. Can understand language and may speak fluently but usually speech is impaired due to issues conducting from each region

Question 14

Anomic Aphasia

Answer 14

may involve damage of pathways in frontal, temporal and even parietal lobes. Anomia and occasional paraphasias (spot instead of pot)
fluent speech

Question 15

What are the fluent aphasias

Answer 15

conduction, anomic, wernicke’s, and sensory transcortical

Question 16

what are the nonfluent aphasias

Answer 16

broca and motor transcortical

Question 17

Broca’s aphasia

Answer 17

impaired speech and naming, limited repetition, problems with syntax or grammar

Question 18

Motor Transcortical aphasia (diffuse, multifocal, damage of frontal lobe in executive function areas)

Answer 18

good repetition, inertia or reduction of speech, problems with spontaneous speech!

Question 19

what are the pure aphasias

Answer 19

agraphia, alexia, and anarthria

Question 20

agraphia aphasia

Answer 20

writing (normal speech). Several types of damage can lead to this (superior or middle frontal gyri, parietal lobe, sometimes with alexia)

Question 21

alexia aphasia

Answer 21

reading (normal speech)

Question 22

anarthria aphasia

Answer 22

incoordination of the musculature of the mouth