attention

Question 1

attention

Answer 1

narrowing or focusing awareness selectively to a part of the sensory environment or to a class of stimuli

Question 2

consciousness

Answer 2

synonymous at primary level with awareness, and at secondary level with awareness of awareness (first person experience of events you are aware of)

Question 3

attention is primarily a ____ process

Answer 3

top-down

Question 4

is attention selective?

Answer 4

yes, from specific part of sensory world (point in space or an object)

Question 5

is consciousness selective?

Answer 5

no, summarizes all info pertinent to the individual and its environment

Question 6

alerting network

Answer 6

reticular activating system (RAS), locus coeruleus (noradrenaline)

Question 7

alerting network works to prepare what

Answer 7

alertness, especially in prefrontal and posterior parietal cortex, for detecting stimuli rapidly

Question 8

where does alerting network prepare

Answer 8

prefrontal and posterior parietal cortex

Question 9

orienting network

Answer 9

acetylcholine! prioritizes sensory input by selecting a sensory modality or location in space

Question 10

locus coereleus has what

Answer 10

noradrenaline

Question 11

orienting network has what

Answer 11

acetylcholine

Question 12

what does orienting network prioritize

Answer 12

sensory input

Question 13

dorsal attention system

Answer 13

top-down visuospatial; Right-lateralized (neglect syndrome)

Question 14

default mode network

Answer 14

thinking about one’s past, the future, or mind wondering

Question 15

where is default mode network?

Answer 15

mPFC, PCC, medial temporal areas

Question 16

salience network

Answer 16

most active when a behavioral change is needed

Question 17

if salience network is not functioning properly…

Answer 17

default network shows excessive activity

Question 18

effects of excessive activity in default network

Answer 18

lapses in attention in ACC and insula

Question 19

attention networks

Answer 19

dorsal attention system, fronto-parietal executive networks

Question 20

fronto-parietal executive networks

Answer 20

DLPFC (dorso-lateral pre-frontal cortex), IPS (intraparietal sulcus)

Question 21

attentional system induces ____ across a population of neurons that assess some sensory signal

Answer 21

synchrony

Question 22

increasing activity in the attention network increase _____ globally

Answer 22

brain synchrony

Question 23

increasing activity in the default network may ____

Answer 23

have a loss of global synchrony

Question 24

how does our brain choose important events from among all ongoing sensory info?

Answer 24

synchrony

Question 25

meditation reduces activity in

Answer 25

default mode network

Question 26

meditation increases

Answer 26

DM, salience, and central executive network connectivity

Question 27

meditation increases activity in what part of the brain

Answer 27

anterior cingulate cortex (ACC)

Question 28

bottom-up

Answer 28

stimulus provoking
- i.e., seeing a naked person, Baltimore picture ~ seeing the bright building, consciousness

Question 29

top-down

Answer 29

based on own knowledge, experience, expectation, controlling focus
- i.e., seeing someone you’re in love with, Baltimore picture ~ pointing out the aquarium you used to go to, attention