attention Flashcards
attention
narrowing or focusing awareness selectively to a part of the sensory environment or to a class of stimuli
consciousness
synonymous at primary level with awareness, and at secondary level with awareness of awareness (first person experience of events you are aware of)
attention is primarily a ____ process
top-down
is attention selective?
yes, from specific part of sensory world (point in space or an object)
is consciousness selective?
no, summarizes all info pertinent to the individual and its environment
alerting network
reticular activating system (RAS), locus coeruleus (noradrenaline)
alerting network works to prepare what
alertness, especially in prefrontal and posterior parietal cortex, for detecting stimuli rapidly
where does alerting network prepare
prefrontal and posterior parietal cortex
orienting network
acetylcholine! prioritizes sensory input by selecting a sensory modality or location in space
locus coereleus has what
noradrenaline
orienting network has what
acetylcholine
what does orienting network prioritize
sensory input
dorsal attention system
top-down visuospatial; Right-lateralized (neglect syndrome)
default mode network
thinking about one’s past, the future, or mind wondering
where is default mode network?
mPFC, PCC, medial temporal areas
salience network
most active when a behavioral change is needed
if salience network is not functioning properly…
default network shows excessive activity
effects of excessive activity in default network
lapses in attention in ACC and insula
attention networks
dorsal attention system, fronto-parietal executive networks
fronto-parietal executive networks
DLPFC (dorso-lateral pre-frontal cortex), IPS (intraparietal sulcus)
attentional system induces ____ across a population of neurons that assess some sensory signal
synchrony
increasing activity in the attention network increase _____ globally
brain synchrony
increasing activity in the default network may ____
have a loss of global synchrony
how does our brain choose important events from among all ongoing sensory info?
synchrony
meditation reduces activity in
default mode network
meditation increases
DM, salience, and central executive network connectivity
meditation increases activity in what part of the brain
anterior cingulate cortex (ACC)
bottom-up
stimulus provoking
- i.e., seeing a naked person, Baltimore picture ~ seeing the bright building, consciousness
top-down
based on own knowledge, experience, expectation, controlling focus
- i.e., seeing someone you’re in love with, Baltimore picture ~ pointing out the aquarium you used to go to, attention
