Language Flashcards

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1
Q

Symbols

A

From sounds to sentences

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2
Q

What’s the differences between phonemes and morphemes

A

The smallest distinctive sound vs the smallest distinctive sound that carries meaning

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3
Q

When a noise may overlap a person’s speech yet you perceive the speech as complete and unaffected

A

Phemonic restoration

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4
Q

Grammar

A

A set of rules for combining the symbols with a language

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5
Q

Grammar includes

A

Syntax and semantics

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6
Q

True or False: Surface structure of language may have more than one deep structure

A

True

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7
Q

When do children step into the babbling stage

A

3-4 months

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8
Q

When does a child’s babbling reveal household language

A

10 months

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9
Q

When do children step into the one word stage

A

12 months

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10
Q

When do children increase their vocabulary

A

18 months

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11
Q

Fast mapping

A

After one exposure, children will map an underlying concept

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12
Q

Over extension

A

A child incorrectly uses a word to describe a wider set of objects or actions than is meant to

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13
Q

Under extension

A

A child incorrectly uses a word to describe a narrow set of objects or actions than is meant to

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14
Q

When does a child extend language to two word sentences

A

< 24 months

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15
Q

When does a child extend language to complete sentences

A

> 24 months

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16
Q

When grammar rules are over generalized irregular cases where they do not apply

A

Over regularizations

17
Q

Mean length of Utterance (MLU)

A

The average length of children’s spoken statements

18
Q

MLU is measured in

A

Morphemes

19
Q

Metalinguistic awareness

A

Children begin to reflect on the use of their language

20
Q

Skinner believed

A

Behavior that is reinforced is more likely to be repeated

21
Q

How do genes play a role in language

A

Designs the mechanism for language and experience modifies

22
Q

Navisit theory of language is

A

We are born with the hardware but grow up with the software

23
Q

A culture’s language shapes member’s thinking

A

Whorfian Hypothesis or linguistic relativity hypothesis

24
Q

Language includes

A

Symbols and grammar

25
Q

Prosody is

A

Pitch, tone, and inflection

26
Q

What syncs lips to what is being said

A

Superior Temporal Sulcus

27
Q

Rules that govern meaning from morphemes, words, and sentences

A

Semantics

28
Q

Rule that governs the sentence structure

A

Syntax

29
Q

True or False: we are born to recognize sounds from all languages

A

True

30
Q

At what age does it become hard for infants to discriminate between language sounds

A

10-12 months

31
Q

What is Chomsky’s theory

A

Children cannot imitate language they have not been exposed to

32
Q

What is the name of the Whorfian Hypothesis

A

Linguistic relativity hypothesis

33
Q

What is the linguistic relativity hypothesis

A

A culture’s language shapes a member’s thinking

34
Q

Can animals problem solve

A

Yes

35
Q

Can animals communicate

A

Yes

36
Q

Can we teach animals language

A

Yes but it has limitations