Forgetting

Question 1

What are the three memory failures

Answer 1

Encoding, storage, retrieval

Question 2

Failure of encoding

Answer 2

The information never gets in

Question 3

Failure of storage

Answer 3

Fading of the memory record

Question 4

Failure of retrieval

Answer 4

Lack of retrieval cues; interference

Question 5

The three sins of forgetting

Answer 5

Absent mindedness, transience-unused, blocking-inaccessibility

Question 6

Which two psychologist studied transience-unused

Answer 6

Ebbinghaus and Bahrick

Question 7

Transience-unused means

Answer 7

Information fades

Question 8

Blocking-inaccessibility

Answer 8

Blocking of stored information

Question 9

Absent mindedness is what type of failure

Answer 9

Encoding

Question 10

Blocking is what type of failure

Answer 10

Retrieval

Question 11

What happens when forgetting is an encoding failure

Answer 11

Selective attention and/or information never enters the memory

Question 12

What are the three types of storage decays

Answer 12

Memory traces, memory decay, disuse

Question 13

Define memory traces

Answer 13

Physical changes in nerve cells or brain activity that occur when memory is stored

Question 14

Define memory decay

Answer 14

When memory traces become weaker; fading or weakening of memories

Question 15

Define disuse

Answer 15

Theory that memory traces weaken when memories are not used

Question 16

Ebbinghaus studied the forgetting curve of how long

Answer 16

30 days

Question 17

Bahrick studied the forgetting curve of how long

Answer 17

3 years

Question 18

Retrieval failure includes what two inferences

Answer 18

Retroactive and proactive

Question 19

Define inference

Answer 19

The tendency of new/old memories to impair the retrieval of new/old memories

Question 20

The tendency of new learning to interfere with old learning

Answer 20

Retroactive

Question 21

The tendency of old learning to interfere with new learning

Answer 21

Proactive

Question 22

Retroactive: __ interferes with __ causing you to not remember __

Answer 22

B interferes with A causing you to not remember A

Question 23

Proactive: __ interferes with __ causing you to not remember __

Answer 23

A interferes with B causing you to not remember B

Question 24

Mastery of one task conflicts with learning or preforming another

Answer 24

Negative transfer

Question 25

Mastery of one task aids with learning or preforming another

Answer 25

Positive transfer

Question 26

True or False: Forgetting can happen at any stage in memory

Answer 26

True

Question 27

What are the three sins of distortion

Answer 27

Misattribution, suggestibility, bias

Question 28

What is the one sin of intrusion

Answer 28

Persistence

Question 29

Confusing the source of information

Answer 29

Misattribution or source amnesia

Question 30

Lingering effects of misinformation

Answer 30

Suggestibility or the misinformation effect

Question 31

Belief colored recollection

Answer 31

Bias

Question 32

People unknowingly revising history

Answer 32

Motivated forgetting

Question 33

Defense mechanism that banishes anxiety arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories

Answer 33

Repression

Question 34

Define memory construction

Answer 34

We filter information and fill in the missing pieces

Question 35

What's the misinformation effect

Answer 35

Incorporating misleading information into one's memory

Question 36

Source monitoring error is known as

Answer 36

Misattribution effect

Question 37

Define source montioring

Answer 37

Making attribution about the source of a memory

Question 38

Define cryptomnesia

Answer 38

Accidental plagiarism that occurs when people come up with an idea they were already exposed to earlier

Question 39

Define reality monitoring

Answer 39

The process of deciding whether memories are based on external or internal sources

Question 40

Recalling the receipent of the information

Answer 40

Destination memory

Question 41

What are the three types of amnesia

Answer 41

Source, retrograde, anterograde

Question 42

Attributing to the wrong source of an event that we experienced, heard about, read about, or imagined

Answer 42

Source amnesia

Question 43

Forgetting events before an injury

Answer 43

Retrograde amnesia

Question 44

Forgetting events after an injury

Answer 44

Anterograde amnesia

Question 45

What is the difference between repression and surpression

Answer 45

Repression is unconsciously forgetting emotionally significant events while suppression is consciously forgetting them

Question 46

Define false memory syndrome

Answer 46

A person's identity and relationships center around a false yet strongly believed memory of a traumatic events

Question 47

Can therapist cause false memory syndrome

Answer 47

Yes

Question 48

Alzheimer's disease is

Answer 48

The build up of proteins in the brain causing neurons to die

Question 49

Alzheimer's disease has a lack of

Answer 49

Acetylcholine

Question 50

Korsakoff's syndrome is

Answer 50

Damage to the mid-brain where memories are stored

Question 51

Korsakoff's syndrome has a lack of

Answer 51

Thiamine