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Army Study Guide > Land Navigation/Map Reading > Flashcards

Land Navigation/Map Reading Flashcards

1
Q

What are the basic colors of a map, and what does each color represent?

A 
Black - Man Made
Red/Brown - Non-Surveyed elevation
Blue - Water
Green - Vegetation
Brown - Elevation
Red - Populated areas
Other
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2
Q

What are military symbols?

A

Figures used to represent types of military organizations, installations, and activities

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3
Q

Where is the Legend of the map found?

A

Lower left margin

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4
Q

What are contour lines?

A

Imaginary lines on the ground connecting equal elevation, they represent high and low ground elevation.

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5
Q

What are 3 types of contour lines?

A
  1. Index
  2. Intermediate
  3. Supplementary
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6
Q

How many Mils are in one Degree?

A

17.7 mils

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7
Q

How many Norths are there on a military map?

A

Three:

  1. True north
  2. Magnetic north
  3. Grid north
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8
Q

What must be done to a map before it can be used?

A

It must be oriented

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9
Q

What are 5 major terrain features found on a map?

A
  1. Hill
  2. Ridge
  3. Valley
  4. Saddle
  5. Depression
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10
Q

What are the 3 minor terrain features found on a military map?

A
  1. Draw
  2. Spur
  3. Cliff
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11
Q

What are the 2 supplementary terrain features found on a military map?

A
  1. Cut

2. Fill

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12
Q

What is a map?

A

A map is a graphic representation of a portion of the earth’s surface drawn to scale, as seen
from above.

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13
Q

What is an azimuth?

A

A horizontal angle, measured in a clockwise manner from a north base line, expressing direction.

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14
Q

What is vertical distance?

A

The distance between the highest and lowest points measured.

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15
Q

What is a contour interval?

A

The vertical distance between adjacent contour lines on a map.

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16
Q

What is the distance between grid lines on a combat map?

A

1 kilometer or 1000 meters

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17
Q

How many mils are there in a circle?

A

6400 mils in 360 degrees

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18
Q

Which north is used when using a military map?

A

Magnetic north when using a compass, and grid north when using the map

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19
Q

How would you hold a lensatic compass?

A

Away from metal (weapons, electrical devices), level and firm

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20
Q

Name two ways to hold a compass?

A
  1. Compass-to-Cheek Method

2. Center-Hold Method

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21
Q

Are topographic symbols drawn to scale?

A

No

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22
Q

What do topographic symbols represent?

A

Man-made and natural features

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23
Q

In military symbols, what colors are used for a map overlay and what do they represent?

A 
Blue - Friendly forces
Red - Enemy forces
Black - Boundaries
Yellow - Contaminated area
Green - Engineer obstacles
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24
Q

What is Back Azimuth?

A

The opposite direction of an azimuth.

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25
Q

How do you figure out a back azimuth?

A

To obtain a back azimuth from an azimuth, add 180 degrees if the azimuth is 180 degrees or less; subtract 180 degrees if the azimuth is 180 degrees or more

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26
Q

What is a declination diagram?

A

Shows the angular relationship between the magnetic north, grid north and true north

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27
Q

What is the general rule for reading military grid coordinates?

A

Right and UP

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28
Q

How many sights does a compass have?

A

2

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29
Q

What is a benchmark?

A

A man-made marker showing points of elevation

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30
Q

What are parallels of latitude?

A

Measured distances going north or south of the equator

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31
Q

What is an aerial photograph?

A

An aerial photograph is any photograph taken from an airborne vehicle (aircraft, drones, balloons, satellites, and so forth)

32
Q

What does UTM stand for?

A

Universal Transverse Mercator

33
Q

The lensatic compass has a bezel ring; each bezel ring click is equal to how many degrees?

A

3

34
Q

How many times would the bezel ring click if it were fully rotated?

A

120

35
Q

Large cities on a map are represented by what color?

A

Black

36
Q

Name two ways to orient a map?

A

Use a compass and terrain association

37
Q

The arrow on a compass always points what direction?

A

Magnetic North

38
Q

What does the term FLOT mean?

A

Forward Line Of Troops

39
Q

What does the term intersection mean?

A

Finding the location of an unknown point by sighting two or more known points

40
Q

Why is a map so important?

A

When used correctly, a map can give you accurate distances, locations and heights, best routes key terrain features and cover and concealment information.

41
Q

If you find a symbol on a map that is unknown to you, where would you look?

A

The marginal data, located on the outside lower portion of the map

42
Q

How many scales are there on a compass, what are they?

A
  1. Degrees

2. Mils

43
Q

What are the 4 quadrants on a map?

A
  1. Northeast
  2. Southeast
  3. Northwest
  4. Southwest
44
Q

What are the three elements for a land navigation process known as Dead Reckoning?

A
  1. Known starting point
  2. Known distance
  3. Known azimuth
45
Q

What is the feature that makes the lensatic compass work well at night?

A

The dials and needles are luminous

46
Q

What is a polar coordinate?

A

Plotting or locating an unknown point using an azimuth and a distance from a known starting point

47
Q

What is the name of the map system that the U.S. uses?

A

UTM

48
Q

Name the different slopes found on a map.

A
  1. Gentle
  2. Steep
  3. Concave
  4. Convex
49
Q

You must find at least how many known locations on a map and the actual ground in order to plot your location accurately?

A

At least 2

50
Q

What are three map sizes?

A
  1. Small
  2. Medium
  3. Large
51
Q

What are two methods of measuring an azimuth?

A

Compass and a protractor

52
Q

How close will an eight-digit grid get you to your point?

A

10 Meters

53
Q

How close will a six-digit grid coordinate get you to your point?

A

100 meters

54
Q

What is the Field Manual for map reading and land navigation?

A

FM 3-25.26

55
Q

What shape are the contour lines that indicate a hill?

A

A hill is shown on a map by contour lines forming concentric circles. The inside of the smallest closed circle is the hilltop.

56
Q

What shape are the contour lines that indicate a saddle?

A

A saddle is normally represented as an hourglass

57
Q

What shape are the contour lines that indicate a valley?

A

Contour lines forming a valley are either U-shaped or V-shaped.

58
Q

What shape are the contour lines that indicate a Ridge?

A

Contour lines forming a ridge tend to be U-shaped or V-shaped. The closed end of the contour line points away from high ground.

59
Q

What shape are the contour lines that indicate a depression?

A

depressions are represented by closed contour lines that have tick marks pointing toward low ground.

60
Q

What shape are the contour lines that indicate a draw?

A

The contour lines depicting a draw are U-shaped or V-shaped, pointing toward high ground.

61
Q

What shape are the contour lines that indicate a spur?

A

Contour lines on a map depict a spur with the U or V pointing away from high ground.

62
Q

What shape are the contour lines that indicate a cliff?

A

Cliffs are also shown by contour lines very close together and, in some instances, touching each other.

63
Q

What shape are the contour lines that indicate a cut?

A

This contour line extends the length of the cut and has tick marks that extend from the cut line to the roadbed, if the map scale permits this level of detail.

64
Q

What shape are the contour lines that indicate a fill?

A

This contour line extends the length of the filled area and has tick marks that point toward lower ground. If the map scale permits, the length of the fill tick marks are drawn to scale and extend from the base line of the fill symbol.

65
Q

What are the alternate colors on a map and what do they mean?

A

Gray- alternate color for brown, Yellow- built up areas, and Pink- political boundaries

66
Q

What is longitude?

A

Imaginary lines that run north to south originating in Greenwich, England and measured in degrees

67
Q

What s a topographic map?

A

Portrays terrain and land forms in a measurable way as well as horizontal features of the positions represented

68
Q

What is a small-scale map?

A
  1. Scales of 1 : 1,000,000

2. Used for general planning and for strategic studies

69
Q

What is a medium-scale map?

A
  1. Scales of 1 : 100,000

2. Used for operational planning

70
Q

What is a large-scale map?

A
  1. Scales 1 : 75,000

2. Used for tactical, administrative and logistical planning

71
Q

What does the term resection mean?

A

When used correctly, a map can give you accurate distances, locations and heights, best routes key terrain features and cover and concealment information.

72
Q

On a lensatic compass there are two rings, an outer black ring and an inner red ring, what are they used for?

A
  1. Inner red ring is used for degrees

2. Outer black rings are for mils

73
Q

Name 3 field expedient methods of determining direction

A
  1. Shadow-tip method
  2. Watch method
  3. North Star Method
74
Q

What is a contour level?

A

It is the vertical distance between contour lines.

75
Q

The border line around the edge of the map is called the what?

A

Neat line

76
Q

What would you use on a map to measure actual ground distance?

A

The bar scale

Army Study Guide (21 decks)

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