Laboratory diagnosis of infectious diseases

Question 1

Give examples of endo-parasites?

Answer 1

protozoa and helminths

Question 2

What are the methods of lab diagnosis of infecitous disease?

Answer 2

microscopy; culture-based; serological; molecular and rapid point of care testing

Question 3

What is group 1 hazard group?

Answer 3

unlikley to cause human disease

Question 4

What is group 3 hzard group?

Answer 4

can cause severe human disease; may be a serious harzard to employees, may spread to the community but there is usually effective prophylaxis or treatment available

Question 5

What 2 dyes are found in the Romanowsky stain?

Answer 5

cationic dye-azure-bind acid nuclei giving blue/purple; anionic-eosin which binds cytoplasm giving red

Question 6

What is the india-ink stain used for?

Answer 6

cryptococcus neoformans

Question 7

What is the gomori-grocott stain used for?

Answer 7

aspergillus fumigatus

Question 8

What is chocolate agar?

Answer 8

heated blood to releases haem

Question 9

What is the conventional method of bacterial identification?

Answer 9

culture; gram stain; catalase and agglutination; oxidase tests

Question 10

What is the current method of bacterial identification?

Answer 10

mass spectometry: MALDI-TOF

Question 11

What is AST?

Answer 11

antimicrobial susceptibility testing

Question 12

What are the methods of AST?

Answer 12

disc diffusion and also minial inhibitory concentration

Question 13

What technique is used for serology testing?

Answer 13

ELISA

Question 14

Give an example of a point-of care testing method?

Answer 14

immunochromatography

Question 15

How does immunochromatography work?

Answer 15

a sample is dripped onto a test strip which then moves by capillary action and the captured by a lablled antibody which then is captured by an anti-influenza antibody forming a line

Question 16

Give an example of a molecular method of identification?

Answer 16

nucelic acid tests