Lab: Safety, Equipment, Ware, Math Flashcards
1
Q
PPE (when do we remove gloves, when do we wash hands?)
A
- Torn
- Contact with blood, body fluid, non-intact skin, or mucous membranes
- Contact with a single patient
- Patient’s surrounding or contaminated body site
- Between patient visits
2
Q
Name the 4 types of isolation
A
- Standard precautions
- contact
- Droplet
- Airborne
3
Q
pH (what is neutral, acidic, alkaline?)
A
Acidic - Lower than 7
Neutral - 7.0
Alkaline - Higher than 7
4
Q
Critical types of glassware in the lab
A
- Volumetric
- Pipette volumetric
5
Q
Non-critical types of glassware in the lab
A
- Beakers
- Cylinders
- Flask Florence
- Graduated
6
Q
Materials used in the lab
A
- Flint glass
- Borosilicate glass
- Quarts glass
7
Q
Application of the 70% alcohol in the lab?
A
- 70% isopropyl alcohol kills microorganisms
- Effective against most bacteria, fungi, and many viruses
8
Q
Units of measurement: Deci
A
One tenth
9
Q
Units of measurement: Centi
A
One hundredth
10
Q
Units of measurement: Hecto
A
A hundred
11
Q
Disinfectants in the lab: Hypochlorites
A
- Emergency clean ups
- Work surfaces
- Dirty glassware
- Equipment
- Liquids
12
Q
Disinfectants in the lab: Phenolics
A
- Rubber
- Wood
- Some plastic
13
Q
Disinfectants in the lab: Formaldehyde
A
- Effective against spores
- Safety cabinets and rooms
14
Q
Disinfectants in the lab: Glutaraldehyde
A
- Effective against wide range of organisms
- Metal equipment
15
Q
What is precision?
A
Reproducibility and reliability of the test method
16
Q
What is accuracy?
A
Closeness of a measurement value
17
Q
MSDS Information: Section 1
A
Product info
18
Q
MSDS Information: Section 2
A
Hazardous ingredients
19
Q
MSDS Information: Section 3
A
Physical data
20
Q
MSDS Information: Section 4
A
Fire Hazard
21
Q
MSDS Information: Section 5
A
Reactivity data
22
Q
MSDS Information: Section 6
A
Toxicology properties
23
Q
MSDS Information: Section 7
A
First aid measures
24
Q
MSDS Information: Section 8
A
Preventative measures
25
MSDS Information: Section 9
Preparation
26
Necessary working label info
1. Supplier identifier
2. MSDS available
3. Pictograms
4. Risk phrases
27
Non-necessary working label info
Immediate use of a hazardous product
28
Balances in the lab: Mechanical
- Requires use of weight boat to prevent corroding
- Not as accurate as digital
- Often needs calibration by weight
29
Balances in the lab: Digital
- Requires use of weight boat
- Used most often
- More accurate
- Needs less calibration
30
Biosafety Cabinet: Class I
Protection to worker but not product
31
Biosafety Cabinet: Class II
Both operator and product protection
32
Biosafety Cabinet: Class III
High level of protection
33
Name the 9 parts of the microscope
1. Light
2. Condenser
3. Iris diaphragm
4. Field diaphragm
5. Coarse adjustment
6. Fine adjustment
7. Objective lenses
8. Ocular (eye pieces)
9. Stage
34
What's the highest purity in chemicals?
Reagent
35
Sterilization: Temperature
121C (250F)
&
132C (270F)
36
Sterilization: Devices used for sterilization
1. Autoclaves
2. Plasma gas
3. Vapourized hydrogen peroxide
37
What does sanitization mean?
Lowering the number of germs to a safe level
38
How do we calculate the magnification power of the microscope?
Magnifying part of the object x part of the eye
39
Temperatures in the lab: Cold
4 C
40
Temperatures of the lab: Frozen
-23 -- 0C
41
Two standard deviation
- Measure of dispersion
- 95% of values will be within 2 SD's of the mean
42
Three-Percentage
W/V %
V/V %
W/W %
43
Types of water in the lab: Distilled
Condensate from steam created when water is boiled
44
Types of water in the lab: Deionized
Passing tap or distilled water through resin column containing charged particles
45
Types of water in the lab: Reverse Osmosis (RO)
Forces water through semipermeable membrane
46
Types of water in the lab: Type 1
Ultrapure Water (Highly purified):
Highly sensitive products
47
Types of water in the lab: Type 2
Purified Water:
- Glassware rinsing
- Lab equipment
48
Types of water in the lab: Type 3
Primary Grade Water:
Non-critical washing
49
Mode, Median, Mean
Mode - Most common number
Median - Middle number
Mean - Average (all numbers added up, divided by number of numbers)
50
Characteristics of distilled water
- Contains no solids, minerals or trace elements
- Does not remove carbon dioxide, chlorine or ammonia
- Steam from water after boiled
51
Supersaturated solution: When temperature drops, what will happen?
Solute remains in solution until there's a disturbance
52
Sterilization vs Disinfection
Filtration is not a form of sterilization
53
Name 4 of the most frequent types of sterilization
1. Steam Autoclave
2. Gas Sterilizer (ethylene oxide)
3. Dry Heat
4. Boiling
54
What are 3 areas you can disinfect?
1. Surfaces/equipment that cannot be autoclaved
2. Biohazard spills
3. Containers for discarding pipettes & slides
55
What is Antiseptic used for?
Skin, not surfaces
56
Autoclave/Dry heat oven (160C). What doesn't it do?
Rust instruments
57
Which surface is Glutaraldehyde used for?
Metal surfaces
58
How long do you boil instruments and tools to sterilize them?
30 mins
59
Incineration is used for?
Fecal
60
What's the percentage for a discard jar for sodium hypochlorite?
1 - 2.5%
61
What is Bleach used for?
Biohazard spills
62
Which solution is preferred as a disinfectant?
70% ethyl alcohol or 1% hypochlorite
63
What are Universal Precautions?
Treating all specimens as if they are hazardous
64
How many sections are on an SDS?
16
65
What does the RED section stand for on a NFPA label?
Flammability
66
What does the BLUE section stand for on a NFPA label?
Health
67
What does the YELLOW section stand for on a NFPA label?
Reactivity
68
What does the WHITE section stand for on a NFPA label?
"Special" (reacts with water or is oxidizing)
69
Ionizing Radiation: Alpha Rays
- Big particles
- Can be stopped by paper
70
Ionizing Radiation: Beta Rays
- Small particles
- Can be stopped by 6mm aluminum
- Can penetrate matter
71
Ionizing Radiation: Gamma Rays
- Tiny particles
- Requires lead to stop penetrating rays
72
Non-ionizing Radiation: Visible light, Microwaves
- Low energy waves that can move particles and warm them up
- Not causing serious harm
73
Non-ionizing Radiation: Microorganisms with Spores
Highly resistant to UV radiation
74
Acid Spill Kits
- Neutralizes acid (makes paste)
- PPE
- pH check
75
Caustic Spill Kit
- Neutralizes base (makes paste)
- PPE
- pH check
76
Solvent Spill Kit
- Adsorption (charcoal)
- PPE
77
Radiation Spill Kit
- Absorption
- Alert everyone FIRST
- Contain spill
78
Mercury Spill Kit
Aspirate/ventilate fumes
79
Biological Spill Kit
- Paper towel
- Disinfectant (outside to the inside)
- PPE
80
Fire Extinguishers: A
- Wood
- Paper
- Clothes
81
Fire Extinguishers: B
- Gases
- Oil Fires
82
Fire Extinguishers: C
Electrical Fires
83
Fire Extinguishers: D
Combustible metal fires
84
Fire Extinguishers: K
Cooking (oil/grease)
85
What's included in a Fire Triangle?
Heat, Fuel, Oxygen
86
Most common types of extinguishers?
A, B, C
87
Biological Containment Types: Level 1
- Low individual
- Low community risk
88
Biological Containment Types: Level 2
- Moderate individual
- Low community risk
89
Biological Containment Types: Level 3
- High individual
- Low community risk
90
Biological Containment Types: Level 4
- High individual
- High community risk
91
What's the definition of Aerosols?
Particles suspended in the air, which may gain access to the respiratory system
92
Fume Hoods: Chemical Fume Hood
- Duct, fan & filter
- Negative pressure
- Air vented outside
93
Fume Hoods: Biological Safety Cabinet
- Mechanical filtration
- Air filtered & recirculated
94
Fume Hoods: Class 1
Small protection:
- Protects user
- Some environmental protection
95
Fume Hoods: Class 2
Medium Protection:
- Protects user
- Protects environment
- Protects sample
96
Fume Hoods: Class 3
Large Protection:
- "Glove box"
- Gas tight
- Double doors
97
Fume Hoods: Laminar Flow Hood
- One way airflow
- Different from biological safety cabinet
98
PPE: Donning (putting on)
- Gown
- Mask
- Goggles
- Gloves
99
PPE: Doffing (taking off)
- Gloves
- Goggles
- Gown
- Mask
100
Pipettes: TD
To Deliver
101
Pipettes: TC
To Contain
102
Pipettes: Mohr
- Calibration marks TD
- Do not drain past the final volume marking.
- Not calibrated to tip
103
Pipettes: Volumetric
- Single accurate measurement
- Calibrated TD
- Bulb shape in the middle
104
Pipettes: Serological
- Calibration marks TD
- 1 etched ring = drain
- 2 etched rings = blow out
105
Pipettes: Pasteur
Tiny pipette to add final drops
106
Pipettes: Micro
- Adjustable volumes
- Both TD/TC
107
Glassware: Class A
Analytical Labs
108
Glassware: Flint/Soda Lime
- Low heat resistance
- Low chemical resistance
- Test tubes (disposable)
109
Glassware: Borosilicate
- Not chemically reactive
- High thermal resistance
- Most commonly used
110
Glassware: Quartz/Silica
- Expensive
- High optical quality for precision
- Microscope lens
111
Types of Glassware: Estimated Volume
- Beaker
- Erlenmeyer
- Florence (boiling flask)
- Graduated Cylinder
112
Types of Glassware: Volumetric
Volumetric Flask
113
Plastic: Polyethylene
Graduated Cylinders:
- Clear
- Inexpensive
- Disposable
114
Plastic: Polystyrene
Petri Dishes, Test Tubes:
- Clear
- Inexpensive
- Disposable
115
Plastic: Polypropylene
- Milky colour
- Heat resistant
116
Microscope: Ocular Lenses
They eye pieces
117
Microscope: Objective Lenses
Adjustable magnification lenses (4x, 10x, 40x, 100x)
118
Microscope: Rheostat Knob
Adjusts the light intensity from the light source
119
Microscope: Condenser
Collects light and focuses it on the specimen
120
Microscope: Iris Diaphragm
Adjusts light intensity (fine adjustment for light)
121
Microscope: 10x
- Locate specimen
- Coarse focus adjustments
122
Microscope: 40x
- High dry
- Fine focus adjustments
123
Microscope: 100x
Oil immersion
124
Magnification Increase
Light intensity increase
125
Vernier Coordinates
Measurements on the stage ruler to articulate location of the specimen
126
Thermometers: Internal Electrical
Digital
127
Thermometers: Partial Immersion
When specified portion of thermometer is exposed to the temperature
128
Thermometers: Total Immersion
Temperature when bulb and total liquid inside is exposed to temperature
129
Autoclave: Temperature, PSI, Time
- 121C
- 15 PSI
- 15 Mins
130
Centrifuge Responsibilities
- Decontaminated after every shift
- Balance (most important)
