Lab Quiz 1

Question 1

official SI units

Answer 1

length- meter
mass- kilogram
time- second
temperature- kelvin

Question 2

official derived SI units

Answer 2

volume- cubic meter

Question 3

allowed SI units

Answer 3

temperature- celsius

volume- liter

Question 4

mass

Answer 4

measure of inertia

Question 5

weight

Answer 5

measure of the force of gravity on an object

Question 6

characteristics of life

Answer 6

metabolic- chemical reactions and energy changes involved in nutrient uptake, processing, and waste elimination
generative- growth and reproduction
responsive- irritability, individual adaptations, and population adaptations/evolution
control- coordination and regulation of metabolism and homeostasis
complex organization- emergent properties and organization of atoms into organic molecules into cell structures and those into cells

Question 7

how do biologists determine evolutionary relationships between organisms

Answer 7

lineage- to determine common ancestors to help group species together based on possible evolutionary ties
-characteristics of organisms to determine the evolutionary pathway

Question 8

processes of science

Answer 8

developing a hypothesis, deducting logical consequences, predictions, looking for empirical evidence

Question 9

developing a hypothesis

Answer 9

a tentative answer to a question, can be tested

Question 10

deduction

Answer 10

starts with a general rule and develop specific consequences of that rule, usually turns into a prediction

Question 11

predictions

Answer 11

“if/then” statements that may be a result of the hypothesis

Question 12

empirical evidence

Answer 12

using the senses

Question 13

preliminary research

Answer 13

discover information that may be useful later

Question 14

control treatment

Answer 14

the independent variable is either eliminated or set to a standard value

Question 15

dependent variable

Answer 15

what the investigator measures or counts or observes in response to the experimental conditions

Question 16

independent variable

Answer 16

the variable that a scientist chooses to manipulate and will affect the dependent variable

Question 17

controlled variable

Answer 17

variables that are held constant throughout the entire experiment

Question 18

cladistics

Answer 18

scientific process of inferring the phylogeny of a group of organisms

Question 19

phylogeny

Answer 19

evolutionary history of an organism

Question 20

cladogram

Answer 20

a diagram that shows the hypothesized evolutionary history of a group of organisms

Question 21

homology

Answer 21

characteristic that is shared by organisms because they followed the same evolutionary pathway

Question 22

homoplasy

Answer 22

characteristic that is shared by organisms that did not follow the same evolutionary pathway

Question 23

scientific theory

Answer 23

widely accepted, plausible, general statement about fundamental concepts in science that explain why things happen

Question 24

scientific law

Answer 24

a uniform or constant fact of nature that describes what happens in nature

Question 25

pH

Answer 25

scale used to indicate the concentration of an acid or a base based on the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution

Question 26

indicator

Answer 26

substance that changes in a visible way (usually by changing color) under known conditions

Question 27

acid

Answer 27

compounds that release a hydrogen ion in a solution

Question 28

base

Answer 28

compounds that release hydroxide ions/accept hydrogen ions in a solution

Question 29

buffer

Answer 29

mixtures of weak acids and the salts of weak acids that tend to maintain constant pH because the mixture can either accept or relate hydrogen ions

Question 30

pH scale

Answer 30

neutral pH is considered 7 which is pure water, anything above is basic and anything below is acidic

Question 31

various simple tests

Answer 31

carbohydrates (starch)- IKI solution
proteins- biuret reagent
lipids- paper spot test on brown paper towel
carbohydrates (sugars)- Benedict’s heated up

Question 32

field-of-view

Answer 32

area on the slide that can be observed at one time

Question 33

depth-of-view

Answer 33

thickness of the object space that is simultaneously in acceptable focus

Question 34

resolving power

Answer 34

ability of a microscope or telescope to distinguish two close together images as being separate

Question 35

resolving power of a light microscope

Answer 35

40, 100, 400