Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Indian Hills Biology Winter Term > Chapter 1&2 > Flashcards

Chapter 1&2 Flashcards

1
Q

scientific method

A

way of gaining information/facts about the world by forming possible answers to questions, followed by rigorous testing to determine if the proposed explanations are supported by the facts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

observation

A

when we use our senses to record an event

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

hypotheses

A

statement that provides a possible answer to a question or an explanation for an observation that can be tested

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

experiment

A

a re-creation of an even or occurrence in a way that enables a scientist to support or disprove a hypotheses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

variables

A

separate factors in an experiment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

controlled experiment

A

a situation that only one variable is present

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

control group

A

group in a controlled experiment in which there is no manipulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

experimental group

A

group in a controlled experiment in which some manipulation occurs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

independent variable

A

the variable that is changed or controlled in a scientific experiment and are the variables that the experimenter changes to test their dependent variable.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

dependent variable

A

the variable that may change as a result of changes in the independent variable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

inductive reasoning

A

the process of developing general principles from the examination of many sets of specific facts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

deductive reasoning

A

process of using general principles to predict the specific facts of a situation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

theory

A

a widely accepted, plausible, general statement about fundamental concepts in science that explain why things happen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

scientific law

A

uniform/constant fact of nature that describes what happens in nature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

pseudoscience

A

deceptive practice that uses the appearance or language of science to convince, confuse, or mislead people into thinking that something has scientific validity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

energy

A

the ability to do work or cause things to move

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

matter

A

anything that has mass and takes up space

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

unique structural organization

A

groups who work together to achieve a common goal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

cells

A

fundamental structural units of all living things

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

organism

A

any living thing that is capable of functioning independently, whether it consists of a single cell or a complex group of interacting cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

metabolism

A

all chemical reactions involving molecules required for a cell to grow, reproduce, and make repairs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

nutrients

A

food

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

generative processes

A

activities that result in an increase in the size of an organism (growth) or an increase in the number of individuals in the population (reproduction)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

responsive processes

A

allow organisms to react to chances in their surroundings in a meaningful way

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
control processes
mechanisms that ensure an organism will carry our all metabolic activities in the proper sequence (coordination) and at the proper rate (regulation)
26
enzymes
molecules produced by organisms, that are able to control the rate at which life's chemical reactions occur and can also regulate the amount of nutrients processed into other forms
27
homeostasis
process of maintaining a constant internal environment
28
emergent properties
interaction of simple components when they form much more complex substances
29
kinetic energy
energy of motion
30
potential energy
stored energy
31
elements
fundamental chemical substances made up of collections of only one kind of atom
32
neutron
heavy subatomic particle that does not have a charge and is located in the nucleus of an atom
33
nucleus
central core of an atom that contains protons and neutrons
34
proton
heaving subatomic particle that has a positive charge and is located in the nucleus of an atom
35
electron
light subatomic particle with a negative electrical charge that moves about outside of the nucleus in regions known as energy levels
36
energy levels
a region of space surrounding the atomic nucleus that contains electrons with certain amounts of energy
37
atomic number
number of protons in an atom of that element
38
atomic mass number (AMU)
the mass of one proton=one AMU
39
isotope
each atom of the same element with a different number of neutrons
40
atomic weight
an average of all her isotopes present in a mixture in their normal proportions
41
mass number
the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom
42
chemical reactions
process in which atoms attempt to acquire an outermost energy level with 8 electrons
43
kinetic molecular theory
states that all matter is made up of tiny particles, which are in constant motion
44
molecule
smallest particle of a chemical compound and is a definite and distinct, electrically neutral group of bounded atoms
45
compound
a chemical substance made up of atoms of two or more elements combined in a specific ratio and arrangement
46
chemical bonds
attractive forces that hold the atoms of a molecule together
47
formula of a compound
describes what elements is contains (ex: H20)
48
temperature
measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules making up a substance
49
heat
total internal kinetic energy of molecules
50
calorie
the amount of heat necessary to raise the temperature 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius
51
phases of matter
solid, liquid, and gas
52
solid
consists of molecules with strong attractive forces and low kinetic energy
53
liquid
consists of molecules with high enough kinetic energy to overcome the attractive forces that hold molecules together
54
gas
consists of molecules that have a great deal of kinetic energy that the attraction is overcome
55
ionic bonds
formed after atoms transfer electrons to achieve a full outermost energy level
56
covalent bonds
chemical bond formed by the sharing of a pair of electrons
57
hydrogen bonds
intermolecular or intramolecular forces of attraction the can only occur between hydrogen and oxygen, or hydrogen and nitrogen
58
mixture
matter that contains two or more substances that are not set proportions
59
solution
a liquid mixture of ions or molecules of tow or more substances
60
solvent
component present in a solution that is the larger amount
61
solute
the component that dissolves in the solvent
62
chemical equation
way of describing what happens in a chemical reaction
63
reactants
substances that are changed and appear on the left side of the chemical equation
64
products
new chemical substances that appear on the right side of the chemical equation
65
oxidation-reduction reaction
chemical chance in which electrons are transferred from one atom to another and, with it, the energy contained in its electrons
66
dehydration synthesis reaction
chemical changes in which water is released and larger, more complex molecule is made form smaller, less complex parts
67
hydrolysis reactions
the opposite of dehydration, where water is used to break the reactants into smaller, less complex products
68
phosphorylation reactions
takes place when a cluster of atoms, phosphate groups, add to another molecule
69
acid-base reactions
take place when the ions of an acid interact with the ions of a base
70
acids
ionic compounds that release hydrogen ions in solution
71
base
an ionic compound, when dissolved in water, removes hydrogen ions from solution
72
hydroxide ions
group composed of an oxygen atom and a hydrogen atom bounded together, but with an additional electron
73
pH
degree to which a solution is acidic or basic
74
salts
ionic compounds that do not release either H+ or OH- when dissolved in water, thus making them neither an acid nor a base

Indian Hills Biology Winter Term (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions