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Biology 101 > Lab Practical 1 > Flashcards

Lab Practical 1 Flashcards

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0
Q

What happens to cells when they are placed in a hypotonic solution? An isotonic solution? A hypertonic solution?

A

In a hypertonic solution the cell shrivels up. In an hypotonic solution the cell will burst. In an isotonic solution it gains a shape.

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1
Q

In which organelle does photosynthesis?

A

Chloroplast

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2
Q

How do you properly put away a microscope?

A

First you shut the microscope off, you put the stage all the way down, make sure the objective lens is on the lowest magnification. Take the cord out of the plug and wrap it up. Put the bag over it. Carry it to the Cubard with your arm underneath it and you hand on the arm. And you put it up with the number facing you.

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3
Q

What is the equation to convert Celsius to Fahrenheit?

A

(C x 9/5) + 32

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4
Q

What is the equation for Fahrenheit to Celsius?

A

(F-32) 5/9

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5
Q

Which enzymes breaks down hydrogen peroxide to oxygen and water?

A

Catalyze

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6
Q

How do enzymes speed up reaction rate?

A

By lowering the energy activation.

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7
Q

Compare independent and dependent variable?

A

Independent is the income of interest that was is being manipulated. The dependent variable is the outcome of interest the results. That is what we are measuring to see if the influence affected the phenomenon. For example the independent variable for temp enzyme activity was temperature and the dependent variable was the oxygen bubbles.

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8
Q

Compare experimental and control?

A

The experimental group is what is being tested. The control group is what remains constant. The control group gives us something to compare.

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9
Q

One ml of water equals how many grams?

A

1

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10
Q

I’m which organelle does respiration occur in?

A

Mitochondria

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11
Q

Compare solvent and solute

A

Solvent is what the solute dissolves in for example sugar water. The water is the solvent and the sugar is the solute that dissolves in the water.

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12
Q

What are the indicators for proteins, fats and oils, simple sugars, and starch.

A

Simple sugar- Benedict solution
Protein- birect solution
Lipids- spot test or translucent spot test
Starch-iodine

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13
Q

List the four types of macromolecules and their monomers?

A

Proteins- amino acids
Carbohydrates-simple sugars
Lipids-‘fats and oils
Nucleotide- DNA and RNA

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14
Q

Which organelles are found in animal cells and not plant cells?

A

Centrioles

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15
Q

Which organelles are found in plant cells but not animal cells?

A

Cell wall, plasmodesma, central vacuole, chloroplast

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16
Q

Define specificity?

A

Pickiness, limited to work on only one molecule, being specific, limited to a number of jobs,

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17
Q

What test do we commonly use to show what a negative test looks like?

A

DI H2O

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18
Q

Give the overall reaction for photosynthesis?

A

6CO2+ 6H2O-C6H2 O6 + 6O2

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19
Q

What is the movement of any molecule from a higher to a lower concentration?

A

Diffusion

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20
Q

The speed of diffusion is dependent upon?

A

Temperature
Size of the molecule
Type of medium

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21
Q

What is the movement of water from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration across a selectively permeable membrane.

A

Osmosis

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22
Q

A solution is the solution which has a lower water concentration.

A

Hypertonic

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23
Q

A plant cell placed in distilled water ( hypotonic solution) will?

A

Gain water
Increase turgor pressure
Have its chloroplast pushed against the cell wall

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24
Q

The light microscopes uses what to magnify an object?

A

Lenses

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25
Q

The scanning electron microscope uses_____and electrons______to produce an image of the surface of a specimen.

A

Electromagnetic lenses; which bounce off of the object

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26
Q

Prokaryotic cells contain.

A

Ribosomes

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27
Q

The_____regulates the movement of molecules into and out of the cell.

A

Plasma membrane

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28
Q

Animal cells have, but plant cells lack,____.

A

Centrioles

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29
Q

Polymers are formed by the process of______

A

Dehydration

30
Q

The _____end of the emulsifier interacts with fat.

A

Nonpolar

31
Q

A ______ goes through all the steps of the experiment, but lacks the factor being tested.

A

Control

32
Q

Proteins are a large molecule containing a large number of smaller molecules,_______

A

Amino acids

33
Q

__________ are sugars and molecules that are chains of sugar.

A

Carbohydrates

34
Q

The basic unit used in the metric system is the

A

Gram
Liter
Meter
Second

35
Q

A meter_____

A

Contains 100 centimeters

36
Q

A change of 10 degrees is ,or= to a change of 10 degrees Fahrenheit.

A

Greater than

37
Q

When going from a larger unit to a smaller unit the number gets____

A

Larger

38
Q

Ten degrees Celsius equals______degrees Fahrenheit

A

50

39
Q

The _____microscope provides the greatest resolution and highest magnification image of a specimen,

A

Transmission electron

40
Q

The negative test for the 4 macromolecules are.

A

Protein-clear
Sugar-blue
Starch-no change
Lipids-no translucence

41
Q

What do positive test look like in macromolecules?

A

Proteins-pinkish/purple
Sugars-green, yellow, and orange
Starch-black
Lipids-translucent

42
Q

What solution do we commonly use to show what a negative test looks like?

A

Deionized water

43
Q

What is an indicator?

A

it is a reagent which changes in the presence of what we are testing.

44
Q

For the potato core lab what was the independent variable and what was set he dependent variable?

A

Independent variable was the salt concentration.

Dependent variable was the weight change.

45
Q

What was the controlled variable of the potato core lab?

A

The controlled variable was the potato core.

46
Q

What is the function of a rough endoplasmic reticulum?

A

Synthesis potein

47
Q

What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

A

Synthesis lipids

48
Q

What are the steps for the scientific method?

A 
Observation
Hypothesis
Experiment/observations
Conclusion
Scientific theory
49
Q

What is the function of a cell wall?

A

Provide support and protection.

50
Q

What is the function of the plasma membrane?

A

Regulates entrance and exit of molecules

51
Q

What is the function of a nucleus

A

Stores genetic information and synthesis DNA and RNA

52
Q

What is the function of a nucleolid

A

Produce subunits of ribosomes

53
Q

What is the function of a ribosome

A

Coordinates protein synthesis

54
Q

What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum

A

Synthesizes and or modifies proteins and other substances

55
Q

What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?

A

Process, packages, and distribute proteins and lipids

56
Q

What is the function of the vesicles/vacuole

A

Stores and transports substance

57
Q

Peroxisome breaks down fatty acid and converts hydrogen peroxide into ________

A

water

58
Q

What is the function of mitochondria

A

Carries out cellular respiration producing ATP

59
Q

What is the function of chloroplast

A

Carries out photosynthesis, producing sugar

60
Q

Cytoskeleton maintains cell shape and assists in the____________

A

Movement of cell parts

61
Q

What is the function of the cilia and flagella

A

Movement of cell, substances

62
Q

Centrioles in centrosome organize micro tubules in ______ and ______

A

Cilia and flagella

63
Q

What is the basic units of mass

A

Gram

64
Q

What is the basic unit of volume

A

Liter

65
Q

What is the basic unit of length

A

Meter

66
Q

What is the basic unit of time

A

Seconds

67
Q

What is the basic unit of temperature

A

1degree Celsius or kelvin

68
Q

What is metric system

A 
Kilo-1000
Hecto-100
Deka-10
Basic unit-meter, liter, gram
Deci-0.1
Centi-0.01
Milli-0.001
69
Q

What is the meniscus

A

Lowest margin of water level.

70
Q

How do you calculate the total magnification?

A

You multiply the eyepiece power of the microscope by the power of the lens you are using. Example: 10, which is the eyepiece power times 40, which is the lens power and get 400

71
Q

What are the four macromolecules and their monomers?

A

Carbohydrates-simple sugar
Lipids-fats and oils
Proteins-amino acids
Nucleic acid- nucleotides -DNA and RNA

72
Q

Enzymes typically end with?

A

Ase

73
Q

Overall reaction for respiration?

A

C6H12O6+ O2=CO2+ H2O + ATP

Glucose + oxygen= carbon dioxide+ Water + Energy

Biology 101 (16 decks)

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