Chapter 1: The Scientific Study of Life

Question 0

What are the basic component’s of life?

Answer 0

The cell is the basic unit of life, every organism, or living individual consists of one or more cells.

Question 1

What is biology?

Answer 1

Biology is the study of life.

Question 2

What are the five qualities that constitute life?

Answer 2

1. Organization
2. Energy use
3. Maintenance of internal consistency
4. Reproduction, growth, and development
5. Evolution

Question 3

What is a Hypothesis?

Answer 3

A hypothesis is a tentative explanation that explains one or more observations.

Question 4

What is a theory?

Answer 4

A theory is an explanation for a natural phenomenon.

Question 5

What are differences between a hypothesis and a theory?

Answer 5

1. Theory is typically broader in scope than a hypothesis. A second difference between a hypothesis and a theory is acceptance.
2. A hypothesis is tentative where as theories reflect broader agreement.

Question 6

What is an experiment?

Answer 6

An experiment is a investigation under consoled conditions.

Question 7

What is natural selection?

Answer 7

It is the enhanced reproductive success of certain individuals from a population based on inherited characteristics.

Question 8

What is homeostasis?

Answer 8

Homeostasis is the process by which a cell or organism maintains this state of internal constancy, or equilibrium.

Question 9

What is asexual reproduction?

Answer 9

In asexual reproduction genetic information comes from only one parent, and all offspring are virtually identical.

Question 10

What is sexual reproduction?

Answer 10

Sexual reproduction is genetic material from two parent individuals unites to form an offspring.

Question 11

Explain the combination of characteristics which distinguish living from nonliving?

Answer 11

A rock crystal is highly organized, but it is not alive. A fork placed in a pot of boiling water absorbs heat energy and passes it, but it is not alive. A fire can reproduce and grow rapidly, but it lacks most of the other characteristics of life

Question 12

What is adaptation?

Answer 12

Adaptation is an inherited characteristics or behavior that enables an organism to survive and reproduce successfully.

Question 13

What is evolution?

Answer 13

Evolution is a change in the genetic makeup of a population over multiple generations.

Question 14

What is a dependent variable?

Answer 14

A dependent variable (outcome of interest) is what the investigator manipulates to determine whether the independent variable influenced the phenomenon of interest.

Question 15

What is a independent variable?

Answer 15

An independent variable (input of interest) is what the investigator manipulates to determine whether it influences the phenomenon of interest.

Question 16

What is a standardized variable?

Answer 16

A standardized variable (input which can affect the dependent variable) is any variable intentionally held constant for all subjects in an experiment, including the control group.

Question 17

What is a placebo?

Answer 17

A placebo is an inherit substances that resembles the treatment given to the experimental group.

Question 18

What is a double-blind design?

Answer 18

A double-blind design is when neither the researcher nor the participants knew who received the vaccine or the placebo.

Question 19

What is peer review?

Answer 19

Peer review is when scientist independently evaluate the vadility of the methods, data, and conclusion.

Question 20

Why is biology a rapidly changing field?

Answer 20

Biology is a rapidly changing because technology has expanded our ability to make observations.

Question 21

What is the purpose of a control in an experiment?

Answer 21

To have something to compare the experimental group with.

Question 22

What are some limitations of science?

Answer 22

1. Scientific inquiry is neither foolproof nor always easy to implement.
2. Another limitation is that researchers may misinterpret observations or experimental results.

Question 23

What are some strengths of science?

Answer 23

Science strength is openness to new information.

Question 24

What types of questions can science NOT answer?

Answer 24

Although science is a powerful tool for answering questions about the natural world, it cannot answer questions of beauty, morality, ethics, or religion.

Question 25

What is the scientific method?

Answer 25

The scientific method is a general way of using evidence to answer questions and test ideas.

Question 26

Give two examples of questions that you cannot answer with the scientific method.

Answer 26

One question is who is prettier Ashanti or Beyoncé? Th reason why this question can’t be answer because it deals with beauty. Another question is should we ban abortions? And the reason scientific method can’t answer this question is because it deals with morality and ethics.

Question 27

All of the following are characteristics of life EXCEPT

A. Evolution. B. reproduction. C. Homeostasis D. Multicellular

Answer 27

The answer is muliticellular

Question 28

Which property of life can a scientist directly observe in a single plant fossil?

A. Homeostasis B. Organization. C. Energy use. D. Growth

Answer 28

The answer is growth.

Question 29

What are the levels of biological organization?

Answer 29

Atom, molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism.

Population, community, ecosystem, biosphere.

Question 30

What are the multiple interacted parts of the scientific method (have to be in order)?

Answer 30

Observations and questions, hypothesis, data collection, analysis and peer review, sample size, variables, controls, statistical analysis, creativity and logic.

Question 31

Why is “just the facts” not science?

Answer 31

In science fact can only mean confirmed to such a degree that it would be perverse to withhold provisional ascent.

Question 32

What is metabolism?

Answer 32

Metabolism allows organisms to acquire and use energy and nutrients to build new structures, repair old ones, and reproduce.

Question 33

What is a producer?

Answer 33

A producer make their own food by extracting energy and nutrients from nonliving sources.

Question 34

What is a consumer?

Answer 34

A consumer obtain energy and nutrients by eating other organisms living or dead.

Question 35

What is a decomposer?

Answer 35

A decomposer obtain energy and nutrients from wastes or dead organisms.

Question 36

What does the word scientific mean?

Answer 36

Scientific focuses on the natural world, aimed to explain the natural world, use testable ideas, relies on evidence, involves the scientific community, leads to ongoing research, benefits from scientific behavior.