Lab: Lower Body Vessels, Fetal Circulation, And Lymphatic System Flashcards
Name some elastic arteries of the systemic circuit
pulmonary arteries, aorta and the aorta’s branches
What does the internal iliac artery perfuse
Urinary bladder and reproductive organs
When does the external iliac artery become the femoral artery
When it passes the inguinal ligament
What does the deep femoral artery perfuse
Most thigh tissues (hamstrings, adductors, and the quads)
What does the medial circumflex femoral artery perfuse
Head of the femur
What does the lateral femoral circumflex artery perfuse
Vastus lateralis
What does the popliteal artery perfuse
Knee and its branches distribute the lower leg
What is the anterior tibial artery a branch of
Popliteal artery
What does the anterior tibial artery perfuse
Anterior tibialis muscle
What is the posterior tibial artery a branch of
Popliteal artery
What does the posterior tibial artery perfuse
Triceps surae and tibialis posterior muscles
What does the fibular artery branch off of
Posterior tibial artery
What does the fibular artery perfuse
Fibularis muscles
Which vein is used for CABG (coronary artery bypass surgeries)
Great saphenous
Describe the function of a fetus’s umbilical vein
Receives O2 rich blood from the biological mother that filters through the placenta
Describe the function of the 2 umbilical arteries
Carry waste and low O2 blood to the placenta
What makes up the umbilical cord
1 umbilical vein
2 umbilical arteries
Name the 3 fetal shunts
Ductus venous
Foramen ovale
Ductus arteriosus
What does the ductus venosus do and what does it become after birth
While blood is being delivered to the liver, most of it is being redirected towards the fetal heart. Located in the liver and becomes the separation between the two liver lobes
which fetal shunt occurs between the atria
foramen ovale
what is the purpose of the foramen ovale and what does it become after birth
blood moves from the right atrium through the foramen ovale into the left atrium. This allows for only a small amount of blood to enter the pulmonary trunk from the right ventricle as fetal lungs do not need much blood flow.
becomes the fossa ovalis
what is the purpose of the ductus arteriosus and what does it become after birth
whatever small amount of blood that makes it into the pulmonary trunk gets split into two pathways. One pathway gives the fetal lungs a small amount of blood through the pulmonary trunk and arteries. The other pathway sends the rest of the blood to the systemic circuit via the ductus arteriosus. The blood going systemically goes through the fetal shunt into the aorta from the pulmonary trunk
becomes the ligamentum arteriosum
what are the functions of the lymphatic system
-picking up excess fluid in tissues
-monitoring for pathogens
-picking up lipids that have been absorbed in the small intestines
what is lymph and what makes it different from plasma
fluid that flows through lymphatic vessels to be returned to bloodstream. Plasma has proteins and lymph does not/has very little.
what are lymphatic vessels
similar to the venous system, but are lower in pressure and more delicate
what does lymph near the small intestines look like
milky because it is high in fat
what is the lymph surrounding lymph nodes high in
leukocytes
what are lymphatic capillaries made of
single layer of overlapping squamous cells. The overlap makes capillaries very permeable (when fluid pressure is high in tissues, the layers of lymph caps. move away from eachother allowing fluid to move into them)
explain why the thymus is important to immunity
immune cells learn the difference between self-antigens and non-self antigens. T cell lymphocytes travel to thymus to acheive compentency in determining self vs non-self antigens (called immunocompetency)
describe the two regions of the spleen
red pulp–> recycles dying red blood cells using macrophages and gives the speen it’s dark red color
white pulp–> large collection of immune cells that detect blood pathogens
where are peyer’s patches and what do they do
distal end of the small intestines.
immune cells within peyer’s patches offer a line of defense to pathogens that are left behind after digestion
which areas of the body drain lymph to the thoracic duct
lower extremities, pelvis, abdomen, left side of thorax, left upper extremity and left side of head and neck
what regions of the body drain lymph into the lymphatic duct
most of the right upper quadrant of body, right upper extremities, right side of head/neck
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lymph node
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spleen
thymus
tonsil
