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Lab Finals Flashcards

0
Q

3 intracellular nutrients present in chocolate agar

A
  • hemoglobin
  • hemin (X factor)
  • nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD or V factor)
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1
Q

2 bases of blood agar and chocolate agar

A
  • trypticase soy agar

- nutrient agar

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2
Q

Bacteria inhibited by phenylethyl alcohol (PEA) agar

A

Gram negative bacteria

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3
Q

Level of sodium chloride in mannitol salt agar (MSA)

A

7.5% sodium chloride

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4
Q

Bacteria that is able to grow on MSA

A

Staphylococcus sp. (+ salt-tolerant strains of Micrococcus and Enterococcus)

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5
Q

Carbohydrate in MSA

A

Mannitol

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6
Q

Indicator in MSA

A

Phenol red indicator

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7
Q

Color of colonies of mannitol fermenters in MSA

A

Yellow

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8
Q

Color of phenol red indicator at pH 8.4

A

Red

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9
Q

Color of phenol red indicator at pH 6.8

A

Yellow

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10
Q

Organisms that grow on Eosin Methylene Blue (EMB) agar

A

Gram negative bacteria

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11
Q

Organisms differentiated by EMB agar

A

Lactose fermenters (purple to green metallic sheen) from non-lactose fermenters (colorless)

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12
Q

2 dyes in EMB agar that inhibit gram positive bacteria

A
  • eosin

- methylene blue

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13
Q

Carbohydrate in EMB agar

A

Lactose

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14
Q

Color of E. coli in EMB agar

A

Green metallic sheen

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15
Q

Organism with fish-eye appearance on EMB agar

A

Enterobacter aerogenes

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16
Q

Color of non-lactose fermenters in EMB agar

A

Colorless

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17
Q

Organism with green metallic sheen on EMB agar

A

E. coli

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18
Q

Organisms that grown on MacConkey (MAC) agar

A

Gram negative bacteria

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19
Q

Organisms differentiated by MAC agar

A

Lactose fermenters (pink to red) from non-lactose fermenters (colorless)

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20
Q

2 substances in MAC agar that inhibits gram positive bacteria

A
  • Bile salts

- crystal violet

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21
Q

Carbohydrate source of MAC agar

A

Lactose

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22
Q

Organisms that grow on Hektoen Enteric Agar (HEA)

A

Stool pathogens

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23
Q

Organisms inhibited by HEA

A

Normal flora coliforms of the lower GI tract

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24
Q

2 inhibitors in HEA

A

Bile salts & citrate

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25
Q

3 carbohydrate sources in HEA

A
  • lactose
  • sucrose
  • salicin
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26
Q

Indicator in HEA

A

Bromthymol blue indicator

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27
Q

pH ranges of bromthymol blue

A
  • pH greater than 7.6: blue
  • pH 6.0-7.6: green
  • pH less than 6.0: yellow
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28
Q

H2S indicator in HEA

A

ferric ammonium citrate with Sodium thiosulfate

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29
Q

Color of colonies in HEA if they ferment 1-3 carbohydrates

A

Orange

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30
Q

Color of colonies in HEA is they are non-fermenters of carbohydrates

A

Green

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31
Q

Color of pathogens in HEA

A

Green colonies with or without black centers

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32
Q

Color of normal flora in HEA

A

Yellow colonies

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33
Q

Pathogen that produces yellow colonies in HEA due to sucrose fermentation

A

Yersinia enterocolitica

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34
Q

Organisms that grow in Xylose-Lysine Desoxycholate (XLD)

A

Stool pathogens

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35
Q

Inhibitor in XLD; inhibits gram positive bacteria, E. coli and inhibits swarming of Proteus

A

Desoxycholate and citrate

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36
Q

Indicator in XLD

A

Phenol red indicator

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37
Q

3 carbohydrates in XLD

A
  • Xylose
  • sucrose
  • dextrose
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38
Q

Color of Salmonella on XLD

A

Red colonies with black centers

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39
Q

Color of Citrobacter and Proteus on XLD

A

Yellow colonies with black centers

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40
Q

Organism in XLD that produce red colonies with black centers

A

Salmonella

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41
Q

2 organisms that produce yellow colonies with black centers in XLD

A
  • Proteus

- Citrobacter

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42
Q

Indicator in MAC

A

Neutral red indicator

43
Q

Color of neutral red indicator in pH 6.8-8.0

44
Q

Color of neutral red indicator in pH less than 6.8

45
Q

3 inhibitors in SSA

A
  • brilliant green agar
  • bile salts
  • citrate
46
Q

Carbohydrate source in SSA

47
Q

Indicator in SSA

A

Neutral red indicator

48
Q

Color of lactose fermenters in SSA

49
Q

Color of non-lactose fermenters in SSA

50
Q

H2S indicator in SSA

A

Ferric ammonium citrate with sodium thiosulfate

51
Q

Appearance of Shigella in SSA

A

Colorless colonies without black centers

52
Q

Appearance of Salmonella in SSA

A

Colorless colonies with black centers

53
Q

Appearance of normal flora coliforms in SSA

A

Pink to red colonies

54
Q

A selective medium fot isolation of Salmonella spp. especially S. typhi

A

Bismuth Sulfite Agar (BSA)

55
Q

2 inhibitors in BSA; inhibits gram positive bacteria, most lactose fermenting intestinal normal flora and Shigellae

A
  • bismuth sulfite

- brilliant green

56
Q

Appearance of S. typhi colonies in BSA

A

Black colonies surrounded by a metallic sheen

57
Q

3 Salmonella spp. with colonies that are light green on BSA

A
  • S. gallinarum
  • S. choleraesuis
  • S. paratyphi
58
Q

Appearance of S. gallinarum, choleraesuis, and paratyphi colonies on BSA

A

Light green colonies

59
Q

Selective and differential medium for Vibrio spp.

A

Thiosulfate Citrate Bile salt Sucrose (TCBS) agar

60
Q

4 inhibitors in TCBS; inhibits gram positive cocci, gram negative rods normally present in stool sample

A
  • thiosulfate
  • citrate
  • bile salt
  • increased pH
61
Q

Carbohydrate in TCBS

62
Q

Indicator in TCBS

A

Bromthymol blue

63
Q

2 Vibrio spp. that produce yellow colonies in TCBS

A
  • V. cholerae

- V. alginolyticus

64
Q

2 Vibrio spp. that produce blue-green colonies in TCBS

A
  • V. parahaemolyticus

- V. vulnificus

65
Q

Appearance of colonies by V. cholerae and V. alginolyticus

66
Q

Appearance of colonies by V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus

A

Blue-green colonies

67
Q

Screenig medium used in the identification of Enterobacteriaceae

A

Triple Sugar Iron (TSI) agar

68
Q

3 carbohydrates in TSI agar

A
  • glucose
  • lactose
  • sucrose
69
Q

pH indicator of TSI agar

A

Phenol red

70
Q

H2S indicator of TSI agar

A

Ferric ammonium citrate with sodium thiosulfate

71
Q

Used to determine the ability of an organism to deaminate lysine, decarboxylate lysine and produce H2S

A

Lysine Iron Agar (LIA)

72
Q

4 organisms identified using LIA

A
  • Salmonella
  • Proteus
  • Providencia
  • Morganella
73
Q

3 members of the Enterobacteriaceae that are deaminase positive

A
  • Proteus
  • Providencia
  • Morganella
74
Q

Carbohydrate in LIA

75
Q

Amino acid in LIA

76
Q

pH indicator in LIA

A

Bromcresol purple

77
Q

H2S indicator in LIA

A

Ferric ammonium citrate

78
Q

Medium used for Indol Production Test

A

Tryptone broth

79
Q

Reagent used in Indol production test

A

Ehrlich’s or Kovac’s (paraaminobenzaldehyde)

80
Q

Positive result in Indol production test

81
Q

Negative result in Indol production test

A

Yellow/brown ring

82
Q

Enzyme that oxidizes tryptophan to indol in Indol Production Test

A

Tryptophanase

83
Q

Medium in Methyl Red test

A

MRVP (Methyl Red Voges Proskauer) medium

84
Q

Reagent in Methyl Red Test

A

Methyl red indicator

85
Q

Positive result in Methyl red test

A

Red solution

86
Q

Negative result in Methyl Red test

A

Yellow solution

87
Q

Principle of Methyl Red Test

A

Fermentation of glucose to pyruvic acid which leads to decreased pH and taking of the color of the indicator

88
Q

Medium used in Voges Proskauer test

A

MRVP medium

89
Q

2 reagents used in Voges Proskauer test

A
  • VP reagent A (alpha naphthol in absolute methyl alcohol)

- VP reagent B (KOH with creatine)

90
Q

Positive result of Voges Proskauer test

A

Pink to red color

91
Q

Negative result of Voges Proskauer test

A

Yellow color or copper-like

92
Q

Produced in VP test positive results

93
Q

Medium used in Citrate Utilization Test

A

SCA (Simmons Citrate Agar)

94
Q

Indicator of Citrate Utilization Test

A

Bromthymol blue

95
Q

Positive result of Citrate Utilization Test

A

Prussian blue color

96
Q

Negative result of Citrate Utilization Test

A

Green color

97
Q

Medium used for Urease Test

A

Urea broth

98
Q

Indicator in Urease test

A

Phenol red

99
Q

Positive result in Urease test

100
Q

Negatvie result in Urease test

A

No color change

101
Q

Medium for Sulfide Indol Motility (SIM) medium

A

SIM (Sulfide Indol Motility) medium

102
Q

Reagent for SIM medium

A

Ehrlich’s or Kovac’s

103
Q

Signified by the red ring on the surface of the SIM medium

A

Indol production

104
Q

Carbohydrate in BSA

104
Q

H2S indicator in XLD

A

Ferric ammonium citrate with sodium thiosulfate

Bacteriology (7 decks)

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