Lab Exam Bio Flashcards
What are 4 things that affect the tides?
the sun, moon, shapes of bays and estuaries, local weather patterns.
What is a diurnal tide?
has 1 high and 1 low within a 24 hour period
what is a semidiurnal tide?
when there are 2 highs and 2 lows of relatively equal heights within a 24 hour period
what are mixed semi diurnal tides?
when there are 2 highs and 2 lows that have different heights in a 24 hour period
what is geographic north?
geographic North Pole, where earth’s axis of rotation meets surface; static, i.e. does not move
What is magnetic north?
magnetic North Pole, where earths magnetic field points straight down; moves 55-60km/year based on the earths magnetic core.
what is magnetic declination?
the difference of angle between true north and magnetic north. it is measured in degrees.
what is positive declination?
to the east
what is negative declination?
to the west
What is the stage plate?
where you put the specimens on the stage so that you can look at it.
what is the ocular lens/ eyepiece
magnify the specimen (usually 10x); permit binocular viewing
what is a revolving nosepiece?
houses the objectives; used to change from one objective to another
what are the ocular tubes?
the part of the eyepiece that you can move like binoculars
what is the focus knob
there is the coarse focus… which is used to bring the specimen into approximate or near focus.
the fine focus knob is to sharpen the focus quality of the image after it has been brought into focus with the focus knob
what is the diopter ring
its the piece by the eyepiece that twists so that you can adjust the visual of the microscope
what is the condenser?
condenses the light under the stage
what is the objective lenses?
use in conjunction with ocular lenses to further magnify the specimen (magnification of the individual objectives is indicated on each lens)
what is cyanobacteria?
- blue-green bacteria/algae
- prokaryotic
- first evolved photosynthesis
- chlorophyll A
- accessory pigment: red/blue
- most of them are unicellular
- some of them are bioluminesce
they look like… glob chains…
also like beads on a necklace….
what is Prochlorococcus
marine cyanobacteria with unusual pigmentation.
these bacteria belong to the photosynthetic pico plankton. and are one of the most photosynthetic organisms on earth
what are filamentous colonies?
chains of cyanobacteria…
they are usually unicellular. but some species form long chains known as filamentous colonies
What are stromatolites
its a macroscopic structure formed by cyanobacteria –
the oldest fossils on earth .
layered sedimentary formations.
big rocks in the ocean
what is photophores?
bioluminescent things
What are Diatoms?
- phytoplankton
- chlorophyll A and C
- glassy SILICA-containing cell walls
- theres a few different kinds of diatoms.
- 2 valves
look like little glassy boxes, ovals, and triangles.
they can look like fans
or connected squares
What are Dinoflagellates?
- along with diatoms are another major component of the seas’ phytoplankton
- clorophyll A and C
most are unicellular
most have 2 flagella
also have a globular/roundish shape
some are bioluminescent
cell walls are reinforced with cellulose.. e.g. CERATIUM is a type of dinoflagellates that are ‘armoured’. they have 3 spikes
naked dinoflagellates (Noctiluca) lack cell walls.
what is a thallus?
the body of the seaweed
what are blades?
leafs
what is a stipe?
a stem
what is a holdfast?
ROOOTS
What is Sea Lettuce?
what color/phylum of algae is it?
genus: ulva
colour: green
it looks like thin, bright green lettuce.
leafy & stringy (her notes)
What is Turkish towel?
colour: red
bumpy texture. exfoliates. thick and somewhat rubbery.
1 long sheet of it.
What is bleachweed?
colour:red
super branchy looking.
its got a thicker thallus, and then lots of little reddy brown leafs coming off of it.
looks ugly.
0/10
what is coarse sea lace?
colour: red
looks pretty, delicate, lacy.
its got lacy branches. pretty design.
10/10
what is nori?
colour: red
looks like sea lettuce but reddy brown.
paper thin/transparent
what is red spaghetti?
colour:red
long and spaghetti like structures. whispy/husky/like strands that are pretty red
What is feather boa?
colour: brown
looks fuzzy like a boa. sort of like sargasso but bigger and more boa like. they could be friends but feather boa is like way thicker.
what is rockweed?
colour: brown
hey have the pop-able bubbles at the end of the seaweeds. fun to pop.
8/10
what is sugar wrack?
Colour: brown
looks kinda ugly. like a big thick sheet of kelp…. its got little indents toward the centre of the kelp. little racks.. aha
2.5/10
what is sea cabbage?
colour: brown..
looks like decaying cabbage.
big strand, semi thin, curved around itself.
1/10
what is sargasso weed?
colour:brown
whispy, long, lanky, kinda looks like smoke, sarGASooo, has little leafs
5/10
what is bullkelp?
colour: brown
looks like the whips with the heads on em. easy peasy.
What is eelgrass?
colour: green
looks like grass.
what is Coraline algae?
colour: red
kinda looks like corral. has a hard thallus.
the picture she showed looked kinda Lacey. like almost like the coarse sea lace except bigger leafs. still looks kinda fancy.
7/10
what is a carapace
the hard upper shell of a turtle, crab, crustation
what is cement?
barnacle glue
what is a cheliped?
A chela – also called a claw, nipper, or pincher
what is a choanocyte
a flagellated cell with a collar of protoplasm at the base of the flagellum, numbers of which line the internal chambers of SPONGES.
what is a cnidocyte?
stinging cells. found in things like anemones and jelly fishes
what is a cirri
a barnacle tongue/foot thing
what is a holdfast?
roots
what is a home scar
a circle on the rock that a limpet leaves so he. can find his way home
what is an operculum?
The operculum is a trap door for snails
pedal disc
the surface opposite to the mouth of the sea anemone. IIt serves to attach the anemone to the substrate, or hard surface, upon which it lives.
radula
s an anatomical structure used by mollusks for feeding, sometimes compared to a tongue
what is tube feet
starfish legs (little tiny suction cupppy
