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RUSVM Clinical Pathology > Lab Exam > Flashcards

Lab Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Basophils are indicative of

A

Parasitic infections

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2
Q
A

Microcyte

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3
Q
A

Granulocytic Leukemia

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4
Q

Serum (red top) tubes contain

A

Nothing

________________________________

Dont need to worry about contaminating other tubes

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5
Q

Urinalysis finding

A

Fatty Casts

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6
Q
A

Mott Cells

_________________________

Bone marrow biopsy

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7
Q

Calcium carbonate crystal significance

A

Normal in horses, rabbits, guinea pigs and goats

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8
Q

Hypochromasia is indicative of

A

Decreased concentration of Hemoglobin - Iron Deficiency

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9
Q

Urinalysis finding

A

Epithelial Casts

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10
Q

Urinalysis finding

A

Bilirubin Crystals

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11
Q

Basophilic stippling in animals other than ruminants is indicative of

A

Regenerative Anemia

Lead Poisoning (if significant number)

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12
Q

Urinalysis finding

A

Calcium oxalate dihydrate

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13
Q

Heparin (green top) tubes are used for

A

Biochemical Profile

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14
Q

Urinalysis finding

A

Transitional Epithelial Cells

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15
Q
A

Schistocytes

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16
Q

Neutrophil “Toxic Change” is indicative of

A

Inflammation - decreased bone marrow transit time

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17
Q

Differential diagnosis for decreased M:E ratio

A

Regenerative Anemia

Erythroid leukemia

Lack of production of neutrophils

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18
Q

Red blood cell abnormality caused by abnormal aggregation of ribosomes

A

Basophilic stippling

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19
Q
A

Basophilic Stippling

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20
Q

Struvite crystals are indicative of

A

Urease-Positive bacteria formation

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21
Q

Urinalysis finding

A

Dirofilaria immitis

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22
Q

Functions of monocytes

A

Phagocytosis

Antigen Presentation

Iron Storage and Recycling

Cytokine Production

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23
Q

Urinalysis finding

A

Squamous Epithelial Cells

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24
Q

How do you differentiate between rouleaux and agglutination?

A

Add isotonic saline to a drop of blood - if rouleaux the RBCs will disperse

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25
Q
A

Lysosomal Storage Disorder

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26
Q

Neutrophils are indicative of

A

Inflammation

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27
Q
A

Osteoblasts

______________________

Bone marrow biopsy

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28
Q

Urinalysis finding

A

Granular Cast

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29
Q

Urinalysis finding

A

Fungal Hyphae

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30
Q

Urinalysis finding

A

Struvite Crystals

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31
Q

Eosinophils are indicative of

A

Allergic disease

Modulate inflammatory response

Phagocytosis

Helminthic parasites

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32
Q

Differential diagnosis for heinz bodies in sheep

A

Copper toxicosis

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33
Q
A

Spherocytes

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34
Q

Urinalysis finding

A

Drug Associated Crystals

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35
Q

Acanthocytes are indicative of

A

Hepatic Lipidosis = Cats

Hemangiosarcoma = Dogs

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36
Q

Red Blood Cell Parasite

A

Mycoplasma haemofelis

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37
Q
A

Acanthocytes

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38
Q

Urinalysis finding

A

Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells

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39
Q
A

Basophils

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40
Q

Ammonium biurate crystals are indicative of

A

Liver disease

__________________________

Normal finding in Dalmations and Bulldogs

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41
Q
A

Rouleaux Formation

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42
Q

EDTA (purple top) tubes are used for

A

CBC

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43
Q

Waxy casts are indicative of

A

Chronic Renal Disease

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44
Q

Urinalysis finding

A

White Blood Cells

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45
Q

Urinalysis finding

A

Red blood cells

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46
Q

Urinalysis finding

A

Yeast - Candida spp

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47
Q

Red Blood Cell Parasite

A

Anaplasma marginale

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48
Q

Red blood cell abnormality caused by oxidatively denatured Hg

A

Heinz body formation

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49
Q

Schistocytes are indicative of

A

Intravascular trauma

Iron Deficiency Anemia

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50
Q

Reticulocyte count of greater than 60,000 uL is indicative of

A

Regenerative Anemia

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51
Q

Urinalysis finding

A

Red Blood Cell Cast

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52
Q
A

Agglutination

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53
Q
A

Neutrophil Hypersegmentation

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54
Q

Urinalysis finding

A

Calcium Carbonate Crystals

55
Q

Urinalysis finding

A

Caudate Cells

56
Q
A

Red Cell Leukemia (Erythremic myelosis)

57
Q

Serum (red top) tubes are used for

A

Obtaining serum from the formed clot

58
Q

Urinalysis finding

A

Capillaria plica

59
Q

Reticulate count below 60,000 uL is indicative of

A

Non-Regenerative to poorly regenerative anemia

60
Q
A

Macrophages

____________________

Bone marrow biopsy

61
Q

What are the two types of RBC’s pictured?

A

Polychromatic and Hypochromatic cells

_______________________________

Polychromatic = blueish colored

Hypochromatic = increased central pallor

62
Q
A

Stomocytes

63
Q

Urinalysis finding

A

Hyaline Cast

64
Q

Calcium oxalate dihydrate crystals suggest

A

Storage artifact

Calcium oxalate urolithiasis

Increased calcium excretion due to hypercalcemia

Acute renal failure

_________________________________

Can be normal

65
Q

Epithelial casts and fatty casts are indicative of

A

Tubular degeneration and necrosis

Renal Ischemia

Toxic nephrosis

66
Q

Agglutination of RBC is indicative of

A

Antibody attachement to RBCs (IMHA)

67
Q

Howell Jolly Bodies are indicative of

A

Regenerative Anemia

Non Functioning Spleens (Splenectomy)

Increased Corticosteroid Use

Lead Poisoning

68
Q

Spherocytes are indicative of

A

IMHA

69
Q

Differential diagnosis for heinz bodies in cattle

A

Ingestion of Kale

Ingestion of onions

70
Q

Parasite seen in bone marrow biopsy

A

Toxoplasmosis

71
Q

Differential diagnosis for heinz bodies in equines

A

Phenothiazines

Ingestion of wilted red maple leaves

72
Q
A

Birman Cat Neutrophil Granulation Anomaly

73
Q
A

Mast Cells

_____________________________

Bone Marrow biopsy

74
Q

Parasite seen in bone marrow biopsy

A

Leishmania

75
Q

Citrate (blue top) blood tubes contain

A

Anti-Coagulant

76
Q
A

Leukemia

77
Q

Sodium Fluoride (grey top) tubes are used for

A

Glucose/Lactate Measurement

78
Q

Basophlic stippling is normal in what species

A

Ruminants

79
Q

Reticulocyte count below 10,000uL is indicative of

A

Non Regenerative Anemia

80
Q

Eccentrocytes are indicative of

A

Oxadative damage (Onion ingestion)

_________________________________

Often seen in conjuction with Heinz Body formation

81
Q

Echinocytes are indicative of

A

Crenation artifact d/t slow drying

Electrolyte imbalances

Non-specific disease (kidney disease)

Rattlesnake envenomation

82
Q

Urinalysis finding

A

Ammonium Biurate Crystals

83
Q

Differential diagnosis for increased M:E ratio

A

Erythroid Hypolasia/Aplasia

Granulocytic Hyperplasia

Granulocytic Leukemia

84
Q

What stains are used to detect heinz bodies?

A

Wrights Stain

New Methylene Blue Stain

85
Q
A

Keratocyte

86
Q
A

Megakaryoblastic Leukemia

87
Q

Citrate (blue top) tubes are used for

A

Individual factor analysis

Coagulation panel

88
Q

Red Blood Cell Parasite

A

Babesia gibsoni

89
Q

Normal Myeloid : Erythroid Ratio

A

1:1 up to 3:1

90
Q

Calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals are indicative of

A

Oxalate urolithiasis

Hypercalciuric or hyperoxaluric disorders

Ethylene toxicosis

___________________________________________

Can be seen in healthy animals

91
Q

Differential diagnosis for heniz bodies in dogs

A

Cephalosporins

Zn toxicosis

Onion ingestion

92
Q

Rouleax formation is indicative of

A

Horses - normal

Small Animals - increased globulin

93
Q
A

Lymphocyte

94
Q
A

Echinocytes

95
Q

Urinalysis finding

A
96
Q

Red Blood Cell Parasite

A

Cytauxzoon felis

97
Q
A

Heinz Bodies

98
Q
A

Leptocytes and Codocytes

99
Q

Urinalysis finding

A

Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate

100
Q

Red Blood Cell Parasite

A

Babesia canis

101
Q

Red blood cell casts are indicative of

A

Tubular hemorrhage

102
Q

Urinalysis finding

A

Amorphus Crystals

103
Q

Basophils contain

A

Histamine

Heparin

Proteins

104
Q

Microcytes are indicative of

A

Iron Deficiency Anemia

105
Q
A

Macrocyte

106
Q

Parasite seen in bone marrow biopsy

A

Histoplasmosis

107
Q
A

Chediak-Higashi Syndrome

108
Q
A

Eosinophils

109
Q
A

Neutrophil “Toxic” Change

110
Q

Significance of stomocytes

A

Few are normal and insignificant

Hereditary stomocytosis (Alaskan Malamutes, Min Schnauzers, Drentse partrijshond)

111
Q

Neutrophil hypersegmentation is indicative of

A

Aging Change

Glucocorticoid usage

Hyperadrenal disease

Stress

112
Q

Cystine crystals are indicative of

A
113
Q
A

Eccentrocytes

114
Q

Urinalysis finding

A

Cystine Crystals

115
Q

Hyaline casts are indicative of

A
116
Q

White blood cell casts are indicative of

A

Tubular inflammation

117
Q
A

Osteoclast

__________________________

Bone Marrow Biopsy

118
Q

Red Blood Cell Parasite

A

Mycoplasma wenyoni

119
Q
A

Plasma cells

____________________

Bone Marrow biopsy

120
Q

What stain is used to visualize reticulocytes

A

New Methylene Blue

Brilliant Cresyl Blue

121
Q

Polychromasia is indicative of

A

Blood loss

Blood destruction

122
Q

Keratocytes are indicative of

A

Iron deficiency

123
Q
A

Distemper Viral Inclusion Body

124
Q

Condition caused by inherited neutrophil abnormality

A

Birman Cat Neutrophil Granulation Anomaly

125
Q
A

Neutrophil

126
Q
A

Nucleated RBCs

Howel Jolly Bodies

127
Q

Red Blood Cell Parasite

A

Mycoplasma haemocanis

128
Q
A

Pelger-Huet Anomaly

___________________________

Neutrophils all look like bands

129
Q

Differential diagnosis for heinz bodies in cats

A

Acetaminophen

Propylene glycol

Lymphoma

Hyperthyroidism

Diabetes

130
Q
A

Monocyte

131
Q
A

Reticulocytes

132
Q

Macrocytes are indicative of

A

Regenerative Anemia

133
Q

Urinalysis finding

A

RUSVM Clinical Pathology (22 decks)

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