Lab Exam 3 Flashcards
where are cell bodies for Clarke’s nucleus?
DRG (lower limb)
axons of DSCT synapse in what layer of cerebellum? what are these fibers called?
granule cell; mossy fibers
functional modality for accessory cuneate nucleus
proprioception upper limb
what layer of cerebellum does inferior olivary climbing fibers synapse?
purkinje cell layer
deficit in lateral reticular nucleus causes what?
ataxia
input to red nucleus
dentate and interposed nuclei, cerebral cortex
VA/VL thalamus receive majority of input from here
cerebellum and basal ganglia
nuclei that send axons to the central tegmental tract
rubro-olivary, nuclei solitarius
cell bodies for axons in ICP (restiform body) located here
clarke’s, accessory cuneate, lateral reticular, inferior olivary, spinal tigeminal, vestibular nuclei and RF
vestibular nuclei projects to these parts of cerebellum
flocculus, nodulus, vermis, fastigial nucleus
synaptic targets of deep cerebellar nuclei
red nucleus, VA/VL thalamus, vestibular nuclei
two major targets of fastigial nucleus
spinal cord, vestibular nuclei
axons of MCP originate here
contra. basilar pontine nuclei
part of red nucleus that gives rise to rubrospinal tract
magnocellular
input to basal pontine nuclei
cerebral cortex (4, 6)
functional deficits in lesion of cerebellar hemisphere
dysmetria, dysarthria, hypotonia, decomposition of movement, intention tremor, dysdiadochokinesia, ataxia
majority of axons in SCP come from here
deep cerebellar nuclei
majority of input to caudate nucleus
cerebral cortex
GP external sends majority of neurons here
subthalamic nucleus
NT for GP interna
GABA
majority of input to putamen
cerebral cortex
SNc has excitatory or inhibitory effect on direct pathway?
excitatory
where do VA/VL thalamus send majority of axons?
supplementary motor, premotor, motor areas, FEF
what nucleus is most closely related to nucleus accumbens embryonically?
caudate
function of nucleus accumbens/ventral striatum
addictive/reward behaviors
these two efferent pathways form thalamic fasciculus
lenticular fasciculus and ansa lenticularis
SCA is branch of this artery
basilar
NT in substantia nigra
dopamine
what makes up molecular layer of cerebellum
purkinje dendrites, climbing fibers, parallel fibers
where were granule cells born?
ventricular zone rhombic lip
where do anterior commisure axons terminate?
contra anterior olfactory nucleus and olfactory tubercle
NT for septal nuclei
Ach
lesion of supraoptic nucleus causes this deficit
diabetes insipidus
main function of lateral hypothalamic area
feeding center
areas of cortex that receive input from DM thalamus
prefrontal and orbitofrontal
input to dorsal vagal nucleus
hypothalamus, PAG, solitary nucleus
hormone found in supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei
vasopressin
what kind of cortex is olfactory tubercle?
paleocortex
what does DLF connect
medial hypothalamus to PAG/brainstem
CN for inferior salivatory nucleus
IX
axons of olfactory tract originate here
olfactory bulb
lesion of ventromedial nucleus of hypothalamus will cause this
weight gain
input to PPRF
superior colliculus, FEF, raphe nuclei
cell bodies for central tegmental tract located here
red nucleus and solitary nucleus
injury to III will cause diplopia when patient looks this direction
up and in
majority of input to anterior nucleus thalamus comes from this
mammillothalamic tract (MB)
cell bodies for axons that project to fimbria
pyramidal cells hippocampal formation
stria terminalis connects these two structures
centromedial amygdala and hypothalamus/septal area
this connects CM amygdala to hypothalamus/septal area
stria terminalis
ventral amygdalofugal pathway synapses here
DM thalamus, midbrain RF, hypothalamus
what kind of cortex is cingulate cortex?
allocortex
functions of prefrontal cortex
restraint, initiative, order, working memory, planning/attention
cortex that covers parahippocampal gyrus
entorhinal
inputs to parahippocampal gyrus/entorhinal cortex
cingulate cortex and association areas
retrograde cell bodies for fornix
septal nuclei and hippocampal formation
where does dentate gyrus send axons?
CA3 pyramidal cells
this processes integrated visual/spatial information, attention
nondominant parietal cortex
symptoms of Gerstmann’s syndrome
R/L confusion, finger agnosia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia, hemianopsia
lesion of nondominant parietal lobe will cause these deficits
L hemineglect, dressing apraxia, L hemianopsia, topographic memory loss
connects anterior temporal poles and olfactory tracts
anterior commisure
this looks like a lens
subthalamic nucleus
fibers in caudate and putamen that extend to GP
pencillary fibers of Wilson
SNc sends pigmented, dopaminergic neurons into this ventromedial aspect of midbrain; where do these project?
ventral tegmental area; frontal cortex (associated w/ schizo)
this makes up primary olfactory cortex
piriform olfactory
this is associated at most inferior part postcentral gyrus…close to sensory for tongue, larynx, pharynx
primary gustatory cortex
these nuclei in thalamus correspond with primary somatosensory cortex
VPL and VPM
nucleus in thalamus that corresponds to multimodal prefrontal cortex
MD
nucleus in thalamus that corresponds to occipitoparietotemporal multimodal cortex
pulvinar
this makes up paralimbic cortex
parahippocampal gyrus, cingulate gyrus, posterior orbitofrontal gyrus, temporal pole, insula
these are the 2 core cortical components of limbic system
primary olfactory and hippocampus
this part of parahippocampal gyrus overlies amygdala and anterior tip of hippocampus
entorhinal cortex
