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Neuroanatomy > Lab Exam 3 > Flashcards

Lab Exam 3 Flashcards

1
Q

where are cell bodies for Clarke’s nucleus?

A

DRG (lower limb)

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2
Q

axons of DSCT synapse in what layer of cerebellum? what are these fibers called?

A

granule cell; mossy fibers

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3
Q

functional modality for accessory cuneate nucleus

A

proprioception upper limb

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4
Q

what layer of cerebellum does inferior olivary climbing fibers synapse?

A

purkinje cell layer

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5
Q

deficit in lateral reticular nucleus causes what?

A

ataxia

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6
Q

input to red nucleus

A

dentate and interposed nuclei, cerebral cortex

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7
Q

VA/VL thalamus receive majority of input from here

A

cerebellum and basal ganglia

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8
Q

nuclei that send axons to the central tegmental tract

A

rubro-olivary, nuclei solitarius

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9
Q

cell bodies for axons in ICP (restiform body) located here

A

clarke’s, accessory cuneate, lateral reticular, inferior olivary, spinal tigeminal, vestibular nuclei and RF

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10
Q

vestibular nuclei projects to these parts of cerebellum

A

flocculus, nodulus, vermis, fastigial nucleus

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11
Q

synaptic targets of deep cerebellar nuclei

A

red nucleus, VA/VL thalamus, vestibular nuclei

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12
Q

two major targets of fastigial nucleus

A

spinal cord, vestibular nuclei

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13
Q

axons of MCP originate here

A

contra. basilar pontine nuclei

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14
Q

part of red nucleus that gives rise to rubrospinal tract

A

magnocellular

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15
Q

input to basal pontine nuclei

A

cerebral cortex (4, 6)

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16
Q

functional deficits in lesion of cerebellar hemisphere

A

dysmetria, dysarthria, hypotonia, decomposition of movement, intention tremor, dysdiadochokinesia, ataxia

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17
Q

majority of axons in SCP come from here

A

deep cerebellar nuclei

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18
Q

majority of input to caudate nucleus

A

cerebral cortex

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19
Q

GP external sends majority of neurons here

A

subthalamic nucleus

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20
Q

NT for GP interna

A

GABA

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21
Q

majority of input to putamen

A

cerebral cortex

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22
Q

SNc has excitatory or inhibitory effect on direct pathway?

A

excitatory

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23
Q

where do VA/VL thalamus send majority of axons?

A

supplementary motor, premotor, motor areas, FEF

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24
Q

what nucleus is most closely related to nucleus accumbens embryonically?

A

caudate

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25
Q

function of nucleus accumbens/ventral striatum

A

addictive/reward behaviors

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26
Q

these two efferent pathways form thalamic fasciculus

A

lenticular fasciculus and ansa lenticularis

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27
Q

SCA is branch of this artery

A

basilar

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28
Q

NT in substantia nigra

A

dopamine

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29
Q

what makes up molecular layer of cerebellum

A

purkinje dendrites, climbing fibers, parallel fibers

30
Q

where were granule cells born?

A

ventricular zone rhombic lip

31
Q

where do anterior commisure axons terminate?

A

contra anterior olfactory nucleus and olfactory tubercle

32
Q

NT for septal nuclei

A

Ach

33
Q

lesion of supraoptic nucleus causes this deficit

A

diabetes insipidus

34
Q

main function of lateral hypothalamic area

A

feeding center

35
Q

areas of cortex that receive input from DM thalamus

A

prefrontal and orbitofrontal

36
Q

input to dorsal vagal nucleus

A

hypothalamus, PAG, solitary nucleus

37
Q

hormone found in supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei

A

vasopressin

38
Q

what kind of cortex is olfactory tubercle?

A

paleocortex

39
Q

what does DLF connect

A

medial hypothalamus to PAG/brainstem

40
Q

CN for inferior salivatory nucleus

A

IX

41
Q

axons of olfactory tract originate here

A

olfactory bulb

42
Q

lesion of ventromedial nucleus of hypothalamus will cause this

A

weight gain

43
Q

input to PPRF

A

superior colliculus, FEF, raphe nuclei

44
Q

cell bodies for central tegmental tract located here

A

red nucleus and solitary nucleus

45
Q

injury to III will cause diplopia when patient looks this direction

A

up and in

46
Q

majority of input to anterior nucleus thalamus comes from this

A

mammillothalamic tract (MB)

47
Q

cell bodies for axons that project to fimbria

A

pyramidal cells hippocampal formation

48
Q

stria terminalis connects these two structures

A

centromedial amygdala and hypothalamus/septal area

49
Q

this connects CM amygdala to hypothalamus/septal area

A

stria terminalis

50
Q

ventral amygdalofugal pathway synapses here

A

DM thalamus, midbrain RF, hypothalamus

51
Q

what kind of cortex is cingulate cortex?

A

allocortex

52
Q

functions of prefrontal cortex

A

restraint, initiative, order, working memory, planning/attention

53
Q

cortex that covers parahippocampal gyrus

A

entorhinal

54
Q

inputs to parahippocampal gyrus/entorhinal cortex

A

cingulate cortex and association areas

55
Q

retrograde cell bodies for fornix

A

septal nuclei and hippocampal formation

56
Q

where does dentate gyrus send axons?

A

CA3 pyramidal cells

57
Q

this processes integrated visual/spatial information, attention

A

nondominant parietal cortex

58
Q

symptoms of Gerstmann’s syndrome

A

R/L confusion, finger agnosia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia, hemianopsia

59
Q

lesion of nondominant parietal lobe will cause these deficits

A

L hemineglect, dressing apraxia, L hemianopsia, topographic memory loss

60
Q

connects anterior temporal poles and olfactory tracts

A

anterior commisure

61
Q

this looks like a lens

A

subthalamic nucleus

62
Q

fibers in caudate and putamen that extend to GP

A

pencillary fibers of Wilson

63
Q

SNc sends pigmented, dopaminergic neurons into this ventromedial aspect of midbrain; where do these project?

A

ventral tegmental area; frontal cortex (associated w/ schizo)

64
Q

this makes up primary olfactory cortex

A

piriform olfactory

65
Q

this is associated at most inferior part postcentral gyrus…close to sensory for tongue, larynx, pharynx

A

primary gustatory cortex

66
Q

these nuclei in thalamus correspond with primary somatosensory cortex

A

VPL and VPM

67
Q

nucleus in thalamus that corresponds to multimodal prefrontal cortex

A

MD

68
Q

nucleus in thalamus that corresponds to occipitoparietotemporal multimodal cortex

A

pulvinar

69
Q

this makes up paralimbic cortex

A

parahippocampal gyrus, cingulate gyrus, posterior orbitofrontal gyrus, temporal pole, insula

70
Q

these are the 2 core cortical components of limbic system

A

primary olfactory and hippocampus

71
Q

this part of parahippocampal gyrus overlies amygdala and anterior tip of hippocampus

A

entorhinal cortex

Neuroanatomy (10 decks)

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