LAB CELLULAR ADAPTATION AND NECROSIS Flashcards
It is called as the programmed cell death, this type of cell death is triggered by normal healthy process in the body
APOPTOSIS
It is the type of cell death that is triggered by external factors or disease such as trauma or infection
NECROSIS
APOPTOSIS FEATURES
Cell size: Shrinkage/reduced
Nucleus: Fragmentation into nucleosome
Plasma Membrane: Intact
Cellular contents: intact
Adjacent Inflammation: NO
Physiologic or Pathogenic role: Physiologic, if DNA damage may become pathologic
NECROSIS FEATURES
Cell size: Swelling/enlarged
Nucleus: Pyknosis, Karyorrhexis, Karyolysis
Plasma Membrane: Disrupted
Cellular contents: Leakage out of cell
Adjacent Inflammation: Frequent
Physiologic or Pathogenic role: Invariably pathologic, culmination of irreversible cell injury
TYPES OF NECROSIS
Coagulative
Liquifaction
Gangrenous
Caseous
Fat
Gaseous
Fibrinoid
Avascular
It is a type of necrosis that preserves the architecture of dead tissues, blocks the proteolysis of dead cells, and is often seen in heart after an infarction as well as in kidneys and adrenal glands
COAGULATIVE NECROSIS
A type of necrosis which has a rapid total enzymatic dissolutions of the cell, it transforms the tissues into a liquid viscous mass and often associated with bacteria or fungal infection. It has a “Creamy Yellow” appearance and often seen in CNS
LIQUEFACTIVE NECROSIS
It is a non specific type of necrosis which is commonly caused by bacterial infection. Which has 2 types, Arterial and Venous Occlusion
GANGRENOUS NECROSIS
Dry Gangrene- Arterial Occlusion
Wet Gangrene- Venous Occlusion
A type of necrosis that is mostly encountered in TB patients. It converts destroyed cells into a mixture of coagulated proteins and fats. It usually has a “Cheese-Like/Cheesy Debris” appearance.
CASEOUS NECROSIS
It is a not specific pattern of necrosis that has a focal area of fat destruction, the release of pancreatic lipase to the peritoneal cavity occur. This is commonly seen in patients with acute pancreatitis and has a “Chalky White” appearance due to fat saponification.
FAT NECROSIS
This is a combination of Liquefactive and Coagulative necrosis which is caused by dead cells that are not completely digested by macrophages. Usually caused by Fungal or Mycobacterial infections.
GASEOUS NECROSIS
A type of necrosis which complexes of Ag and Ab are deposited in the cell walls of arteries. The tissue shape often becomes irregular in shape.
FIBRINOID NECROSIS
It is a type of necrosis that happens when the blood supply in the tissue is limited which causes the demise of the bone tissue.
AVASCULAR NECROSIS
