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Anatomy Lab > Lab 7: Peripheral Nervous System > Flashcards

Lab 7: Peripheral Nervous System Flashcards

1
Q
  • leaves the dorsal side of the spinal cord

- has bundle of sensory axons that will merge with the bundles of axons from the ventral root to form a spinal nerve

A

dorsal root

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2
Q
  • dilated region in the center of the dorsal root

- contains cell bodies of sensory neurons

A

dorsal root ganglion

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3
Q
  • leaves the ventral side of the spinal cord

- contains axons of motor neurons

A

ventral root

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4
Q
  • contains both sensory and motor axons
  • exits the spinal cord through the intervertebral foramen
  • give off rami and rami communicantes
A

spinal nerve

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5
Q
  • curve posteriorly

- innervates the muscles and skin of the back and the back of the neck

A

dorsal rami

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6
Q
  • continue laterally and anteriorly
  • innervate the muscles and skin of the lateral and anterior trunk
  • innervate the muscles and skin of the upper and lower extremities
A

ventral rami

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7
Q
  • carry autonomic signals away from and toward the spinal cord
  • travel to a nearby autonomic ganglion
  • contain autonomic tracts
A

rami communicantes

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8
Q

formed by the ventral rami of cervical spinal nerves C5-T1

A

brachial plexus

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9
Q
  • formed by the ventral rami of C5, C6 and C7

- courses along lateral thoracic wall, superficial to serratus anterior

A

long thoracic nerve

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10
Q

the trunk formed by convergence of C5 and C6 ventral rami

A

superior trunk

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11
Q

the trunk formed by C7 ventral rami

A

middle trunk

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12
Q

the trunk formed by the convergence of C8 and T1 rami

A

inferior trunk

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13
Q
  • emerges off the superior trunk

- innervates muscles of the scapula

A

suprascapular nerve

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14
Q

cord positioned more superficially on the medial side of the axillary artery

A

medial cord

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15
Q

cord positioned more superficially on the lateral side of the axillary artery

A

lateral cord

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16
Q

sits posterior to the axillary artery

A

posterior cord

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17
Q
  • emerges from the lateral cord
  • lateral and superficial
  • innervates all the muscles of the anterior upper arm
A

musculocutaneous nerve

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18
Q
  • medial and superficial nerve
  • emerges from medial cord
  • positioned on posterior side of elbow “funny bone”
  • innervates some of the muscles on the medial side of the flexor compartment of the forearm
  • innervates the hypothenar compartment
A

ulnar nerve

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19
Q
  • middle and superficial nerve
  • emerges from the lateral and medial cords
  • innervates some muscles within the flexor compartment of the forearm
  • innervates muscles of thenar compartment
  • passes through the carpal tunnel
A

median nerve

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20
Q
  • deep within axilla
  • arises from posterior cord closer to the trunk
  • innervates latissimus dorsi muscle
  • terminates into radial and axillary nerves
A

thoracodorsal nerve

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21
Q
  • medial nerve coming off thoracodorsal nerve

- innervates posterior side of the upper extremity

A

radial nerve

22
Q
  • branches off the deep branch
  • courses deep to the brachioradialis muscle and to the lateral side of the posterior wrist (near posterior base of the thumb)
A

superficial branch of radial nerve

23
Q
  • courses deep to the triceps brachii, wraps around the lateral side of the anterior elbow and can be seen deep between the brachioradialis and brachialis muscles
  • continues deep to the muscles on the posterior side of the forearm
A

deep branch of radial nerve

24
Q
  • lateral nerve coming off thoracodorsal nerve
  • goes directly into the armpit
  • innervates the teres minor and deltoid muscles
A

axillary nerve

25
Q
  • arise from ventral rami of thoracic spinal nerves

- course laterally and anteriorly along costal groove of each rib

A

intercostal nerves

26
Q
  • arises from cervical plexus and found within the neck

- innervates the diaphragm

A

phrenic nerves

27
Q

consists of the ventral rami of T12-L4

A

lumbar plexus

28
Q
  • along posterior abdominal and pelvic wall

- innervate the muscles of the anterior thigh

A

femoral nerve

29
Q
  • along the posterior pelvic wall

- innervates muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh

A

obturator nerve

30
Q

consists of the ventral rami L4-S4

A

sacral plexus

31
Q
  • between gluteus medius and piriformis

- innervates the muscles of the lateral hip

A

superior gluteal nerve

32
Q
  • inferior to piriformis

- innervates gluteus maximus

A

inferior gluteal nerve

33
Q
  • largest peripheral nerve
  • peers from under piriformis
  • innervates muscles of posterior thigh
  • breaks off into tibial nerve and common fibular nerve
A

sciatic nerve

34
Q
  • branch of sciatic nerve
  • continues distally down midline of posterior knee and lower leg
  • innervates posterior part of lower leg
A

tibial nerve

35
Q
  • goes laterally around the knee and deep to the fibularis longus muscle
  • innervates posterolateral part of lower leg
A

common fibular nerve

36
Q
  • branch of common fibular nerve
  • innervates lateral compartment of lower leg
  • medial to fibularis longus
A

superficial fibular nerve

37
Q
  • branch of common fibular nerve
  • innervates anterior compartment of lower leg
  • lateral to tibialis anterior
A

deep fibular nerve

38
Q
  • cranial nerve I
  • most anterior nerve and inferior side of brain
  • extends toward anterior tip of brain and contains dilated end (olfactory bulb)
A

olfactory nerve **

39
Q
  • cranial nerve II
  • emerges from posterior side of the eyeball and courses toward midline of the brain
  • just posterior to CN I
A

optic nerve **

40
Q
  • where the two optic nerves merge along the midline

- location where some visual inputs will cross to the opposite side of the cerebrum

A

optic chiasm **

41
Q
  • cranial nerve III
  • enters the orbit via the superior orbital fissure
  • innervates muscles that enable most movements of the eye and that raise the eyelid
A

occulomotor nerve

42
Q
  • cranial nerve IV

- motor nerve that innervates the superior oblique muscle of the eye

A

trochlear nerve

43
Q
  • cranial nerve V
  • emerges from the pons
  • has a large ganglion
A

trigeminal nerve

44
Q
  • cranial nerve VI

- controls the movement of the lateral rectus muscle, responsible for outward gaze

A

abducent nerve

45
Q
  • cranial nerve VII
  • lateral side of the face
  • has 5 branches that innervate muscles of facial expression
A

facial nerve **

46
Q
  • cranial nerve VIII

- transmits sound and equilibrium (balance) information from the inner ear to the brain

A

vestibulochochlear nerve

47
Q
  • cranial nerve IX

- exits the brainstem out from the sides of the upper medulla, just rostral (closer to the nose) to the vagus nerve

A

glossopharyngeal nerve

48
Q
  • cranial nerve X
  • emerges from medulla
  • can be identified in the neck, thoracic, and abdominal cavities
  • next to common carotid artery and internal jugular vein
A

vagus nerve **

49
Q
  • cranial nerve XI

- innervates sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles

A

accessory nerve **

50
Q
  • cranial nerve XII
  • more superior in the neck, just deep to the mandible
  • innervates muscles of the tongue
A

hypoglossal nerve **

Anatomy Lab (13 decks)

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