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Anatomy Lab > Lab 4 - Muscles of Head, Neck, and Trunk > Flashcards

Lab 4 - Muscles of Head, Neck, and Trunk Flashcards

1
Q
  • closes the eye
  • circles the eye
  • facial nerve CN VII
  • superficial and extremely thin
A

orbicularis oculi

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2
Q
  • circular muscle
  • purses lips
  • circles mouth
  • facial nerve CN VII
A

orbicularis oris

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3
Q
  • compresses the cheeks
  • located on the lateral sides of the mouth
  • courses from the corners of the mouth in the posterior directiton
  • Facial Nerve CN VII
A

buccinator

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4
Q
  • elevates the mandible
  • most superior muscle of mastication
  • located on the temporal bone
  • Trigeminal Nerve (CN V(
A

temporalis

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5
Q
  • elevates mandible
  • located on the lateral/posterior cheek
  • covers ramus of mandible
  • trigeminal nerve (CN V)
A

masseter

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6
Q
  • both: flexion of neck
  • alone: lateral flexion, contralateral rotation neck
  • located on lateral side of the neck
  • large, more superficial muscle
  • insertion: mastoid process (temporal bone)
  • spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)
A

sternocleidomastoid

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7
Q
  • both: flex neck and elevates ribcage
  • alone: lateral flexion of neck
  • deep to sternocleidomastoid
  • 3 on each side of the neck
A

scalene muscles (anterior, middle, and posterior)

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8
Q

what are the muscles of the head and anterior neck?

A
  • orbicularis oculi
  • orbicularis oris
  • buccinator
  • temporalis
  • masseter
  • sternocleidomastoid
  • scalene (anterior, middle, posterior)
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9
Q

what are the muscles of the eye?

A
  • levator palpebrae superioris
  • superior rectus
  • inferior rectus
  • lateral rectus
  • medial rectus
  • superior oblique
  • inferior oblique
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10
Q
  • raises eyelid
  • located superior to the eyeball
  • directed anteriorly to the inferior edges of the upper eyelids
  • occulomotor nerve (CN III)
A

levator palpebrae superioris

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11
Q
  • eye looks down

- occulomotor nerve (CN III)

A

inferior rectus

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12
Q
  • eye looks up
  • inferior to the levator palpebrae superioris
  • occulomotor nerve (CN III)
A

superior rectus

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13
Q
  • eye looks laterally
  • origin: optic canal
  • insertion: lateral surfaced (eyeball)
  • abducens nerve (CN VI)
A

lateral rectus

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14
Q
  • eye looks medially
  • origin: optic canal
  • insertion: medial surface (eyeball)
  • occulomotor nerve (CN III)
A

medial rectus

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15
Q
  • eye looks down and laterally
  • located medial to the superior rectus muscle
  • trochlear nerve (CN IV)
A

superior oblique

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16
Q
  • eye looks up and laterally
  • courses transversely from medial to lateral across inferior margin of the orbit
  • occulomotor nerve (CN III)
A

inferior oblique

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17
Q

what are the muscles of the scapula?

A
  • trapezius
  • levator scapulae
  • rhomboid major
  • rhomboid minor
  • supraspinatus
  • infraspinatus
  • teres minor
  • subscapularis
  • teres major
18
Q
  • retract, elevate and depress scapula
  • insertion: spine (scapula)
  • most superficial muscle of the superior back
  • large, triangular muscle
  • spinal accessory nerve (CN XI)
A

trapezius

19
Q
  • elevate scapula
  • insertion: superior angle (scapula)
  • along the medial border of the scapula
A

levator scapulae

20
Q
  • retract scapula
  • insertion: medial border (scapula)
  • deep to trapezius
  • form a rhomboid shape together
A

rhomboid major and minor

21
Q
  • abduction of the arm
  • insertion: greater tubercle (humerus)
  • small muscle located in the supraspinous fossa of the scapula
A

supraspinatus

22
Q
  • laterally rotate the arm
  • insertion: greater tubercle (humerus)
  • located within the infraspinous fossa
A

infraspinatus

23
Q
  • laterally rotate the arm
  • insertion: greater tubercle (humerus)
  • small and more superior to teres major
  • axillary nerve
A

teres minor

24
Q
  • medially rotate arm
  • insertion: lesser tubercle (humerus)
  • located within the subscapular fossa of the scapula
A

subscapularis

25
Q
  • extension, adduction, and medial rotation of arm

- insertion: lesser tubercle (humerus)

A

teres major

26
Q

what are the muscles of the back and the back of the neck?

A
  • latissimus dorsi
  • splenius (capitis and cervicis)
  • semispinalis (capitis)
  • iliocostalis
  • longissimus
  • spinalis
27
Q
  • extension, adduction, and medial rotation of arm
  • insertion: lesser tubercle (humerus)
  • located superficially in the lower back
  • covers entire lower back region
  • thoracodorsal nerve
A

latissimus dorsi

28
Q
  • both: extension of head and neck
  • alone: lateral flexion
  • more superificial of the deep muscles of the posterior head/neck
  • deep to trapezius muscles
  • form a “V” shape
A

splenius (capitis and cervicis)

29
Q
  • both: extension of head and neck
  • alone: extension, lateral flexion
  • located deep to the splenius muscles
  • course in more vertical direction
A

semispinalis (capitis)

30
Q
  • extension of vertebral column
  • origin: iliac crest (ileum)
  • insertion: posterior ribs
  • adjacent to the longissimus
A

iliocostalis

31
Q
  • both: extension of vertebral column
  • alone: lateral flexion
  • adjacent to the spinalis
A

longissimus

32
Q
  • extension of vertebral column

- thin muscle located against the spine

A

spinalis

33
Q

what are the muscles of the anterior trunk?

A
  • pectoralis major
  • pectoralis minor
  • serratus anterior
  • external intercostals
  • internal intercostals
  • rectus abdominis
  • external obliques
  • internal obliques
  • transversus abdominis
34
Q
  • adduction and medial rotation of the arm
  • insertion: intertubercular groove
  • most superficial muscle in pectoral region
  • covers entire pectoral region
A

pectoralis major

35
Q
  • protraction & depression of scapula
  • insertion: coracoid process (scapula)
  • located deep to pectoralis major
A

pectoralis minor

36
Q
  • protraction of scapula
  • found on the lateral side of the ribcage
  • long thoracic nerve
A

serratus anterior

37
Q
  • elevate ribcage
  • most superficial muscles between each set of ribs
  • like hands in pockets (course from superior to inferior in medial direction)
A

external intercostals

38
Q
  • depress ribcage
  • deep to external intercostals
  • course from inferior to superior in medial direction
A

internal intercostals

39
Q
  • flexion of vertebral column
  • compresses abdomen
  • located in abdomen
  • “6 pack”
A

rectus abdominis

40
Q
  • flexion and contralateral rotation of vertebral column
  • on lateral sides of abdominal region
  • more superficial
  • course from superior to inferior in medial direction
A

external obliques

41
Q
  • flexion and ipsilateral rotation of vertebral column
  • deep to external obliques
  • course from inferior to superior in medial direction
A

internal obliques

42
Q
  • compresses abdomen
  • deep to internal obliques
  • courses directly horizontal from lateral abdomen to the midline
A

transversus abdominus

Anatomy Lab (13 decks)

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