Lab 7 - Nematoda

Question 1

what kind of coelom does Phylum Nematoda have?

Answer 1

pseudocoelom

Question 2

what kind of embryonic development does Phylum Nematoda have? (3)

Answer 2

• triploblastic
• protostomes
• ecdysozoans

Question 3

what are Ecdysozoans named for?

Answer 3

they undergo ecdysis

Question 4

ecdysis

Answer 4

molting of the outer cuticle as they grow

Question 5

What kind of muscles does Phylum Nematoda have?

Answer 5

longitudinal only; have an uncoordinated “thrashing”

Question 6

what kind of circulatory system does Phylum Nematoda have?

Answer 6

lack circulatory system, use diffusion

Question 7

where can Nematodes be found? (3)

Answer 7

soil, marine, and aquatic sediment

Question 8

what lifestyles do Nematodes have?

Answer 8

most are free-living but many have also adapted to parasitic lifestyles

Question 9

What is the reason for the difference in the way Nematoda and Annelida like earthworms move?

Answer 9

Nematoda only have longitudinal muscles, while Annelida earthworms have longitudinal and circular muscles

Question 10

Why do you suppose the digestive system of Nematoda is rather unspecialized compared to Annelida like an earthworm?

Answer 10

Organic products they consume require less digestion than the food of earthworms

Question 11

Which is an accurate description of the phylum Nematoda? It’s members are…?

Answer 11

Not morphologically diverse, diverse in way of life

Question 12

Based on the study mentioned in the introduction, the ancestral nematode was probably

Answer 12

free living

Question 13

Which is the finding about the evolution of parasitism in nematodes?

Answer 13

nematode parasitism evolved multiple times in each type of host (plants, verts, inverts)

Question 14

Which of the following organ systems are found in Nematoda?
a) circulatory
b) respiratory
c) endo-skeletal
d) reproductive

Answer 14

reproductive - D

Question 15

Which of the following is found in both Annelida and Nematoda?
a) Metamerism
b) Parapodia
c) Longitudinal muscles
d) Circular muscles
e) Pseudocoel

Answer 15

c - longitudinal muscles

Question 16

What are habitats where Nematoda are found and Annelida are not?
a) Inside plants
b) Inside animals
c) In soil
d) In freshwater
e) In ocean sediments

Answer 16

A,B

Question 17

Which of the following is found in Nematoda and not in Mollusca?
a) muscles
b) central nervous system
c) cuticle
d) bilateral symmetry
e) radial symmetry

Answer 17

C

Question 18

where are Nematodes found?

Answer 18

essentially everywhere

Question 19

what kind of parasitism do Nematodes exhibit?

Answer 19

a wide variety (single host, multiple host, transmission by vectors, etc.)

Question 20

what kind of reproduction does Nematoda undergo?

Answer 20

diverse ways; most are dioecious but some are monoecious
- some alternate between sexual and asexual
- some reproduce genetic copies of themselves

Question 21

What kind of segmentation does Phylum Nematoda have?

Answer 21

unsegmented

Question 22

What kind of nervous structures does Phylum Nematoda have? (3)

Answer 22

• cerebral ganglion
• dorsal and ventral nerve cords

Question 23

what kind of skeletal structures does Phylum Nematoda have? (2)

Answer 23

• a hydrostatic skeleton
• tough outer cuticle

Question 24

How does Phylum Nematoda undergo respiration?

Answer 24

diffusion

Question 25

How does Phylum Nematoda undergo cirulation?

Answer 25

diffusion

Question 26

How does Phylum Nematoda undergo excretion?

Answer 26

diffusion

Question 27

larviparous

Answer 27

females produce larvae directly

Question 28

cryptobiotic eggs

Answer 28

incredibly resistant to extreme conditions and remain viable for many years

Question 29

What is the second most common cause of blindess?

Answer 29

river blindness - Onchocerca volvulus

Question 30

what is the cause of hookworm? (2)

Answer 30

Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus

Question 31

what is the cause of pinworm?

Answer 31

Enterobius vermicularis

Question 32

what is the caused of trichinosis?

Answer 32

Trichinella spiralis

Question 33

what is the cause of elephantiasis?

Answer 33

Wuchereria bancrofti