Lab 10 - Echinodermata Flashcards
Echinodermata are _____stomes
deuterostomes
deuterostomes (3)
blastopore becomes the anus, being enterocoelous, and having radial/intermediate cleavage
what feature has Echinodermata re-evolved?
radial symmetry (pentaradial)
another unique feature of echinoderms is the _____ vascular system
water
the water vascular system evolved from part of the _____
coelom
water vascular system
uses seawater or coelomic fluid to generate hydraulic pressure to operate tube feet
what structure do Echinoderms uses for locomotion and prey capture?
tube feet
echinoderms live in exclusively _____ environment
marine
members of Echinodermata have an _____skeleton
endo
what is the skeleton of Echinoderms made from?
calcareous ossicles
oral surface
where the mouth is
aboral surface
opposite with the mouth and usually with an anus
larvae in Phylum Echinodermata are all this kind of symmetry
bilateral
autotomy
the ability to deliberately shed parts of their own body
Class Crinoidea
sea lilies
what distinguishes members of Class Crinoidea from the others? (2)
- a mouth that faces upward
- water vascular system uses coelomic fluid instead of seawater
where are the tube feet of Crinoids located? (2)
- calyx
- oral side
Members of Class Crinoidea are what kinds of feeders?
filter feeders
What are the feeding structures of Class Crinoidea called
cirri
Class Ophiuroidea has these two types of animals (2)
- brittle stars
- basket stars
what makes members of Class Ophiuroidea unique?
they have an incomplete gut
Class Ophiuroidea have no _____ groove on the arms
ambulacral
How do brittle/basket stars (Class Ophiuroidea) move?
they use their entire slender arms instead of just their tube feet
Class Ophiuroidea have shields which are…
protective ossicles
Class Echinoidea has what types of animals? (3)
- sea urchins
- sand dollars
- sea biscuits
What do members of Class Echinoidea use for protection and support?
calcareous spines
test
a collection of fused calcareous endoskeletal plates called ossicles
what is the jaw-like structure found on Class Echinoidea used for feeding?
Aristotle’s lantern
what are the tiny pincer-like ossicles found on the surface of members of Classes Echinoidea and Asteroidea?
pedicellariae
pedicellariae function (2)
- cleaning the surface of the body of debris
- in defense (many discharge toxin)
Class Asteroidea contain what kind of animal?
sea stars
what kind of eaters are members of Class Asteroidea?
carnivores
How do the arms and central disc of Asteroidea differ from those of Ophiuroidea?
The central disc of Asteroidea bears a madreporite on the aboral surface, while Ophiuroidea have the madreporite on the oral surface of the central disc
What role(s) does the madreporite play in the water vascular system of Asteroidea? (3)
- pressure regulator
- serves as a filter to keep out foreign particles
- serves as an entrance for seawater in the water vascular system
what method of food acquisition odes Holothuroidea employ?
filter/deposit feeding
Class Holothuroidea contains what kind of animals?
sea cucumbers
Class Holothuroidea exhibit what kind of symmetry?
bilateral; they are elongated along the oral/aboral axis
feeding tentacles
in members of Holothuroidea, they are modified ring of tube feet near the mouth
members of Class Holothuroidea use what structure for respiration?
respiratory tree that branches off their anus
cuvierian tubules
in members of Holothuroidea, they are offshoots of the respiratory tree shot through their anus to confuse predators
Because Holothuroidea have lost the sharp spines and hard endoskeleton most Echinoderms rely on for protection, how do they defend themselves?
if threatened excessively, they may eviscerate their internal organs
what class of Echinodermata has a rigid exoskeleton composed of ossicles called plates?
Echinoidea
Which class does NOT use tube feet for locomotion?
Ophiuroidea
what is a unique feature to Holothuroidea?
respiratory tree
name these specimen
Phylum Echinodermata
Class Asteroidea
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Phylum Echinodermata
Class Asteroidea
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Phylum Echinodermata
Class Holothuroidea
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Phylum Echinodermata
Class Holothuroidea
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Phylum Echinodermata
Class Crinoidea
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Phylum Echinodermata
Class Crinoidea
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Phylum Echinodermata
Class Ophiuroidea
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Phylum Echinodermata
Class Ophiuroidea
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Phylum Echinodermata
Class Ophiuroidea
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Phylum Echinodermata
Class Ophiuroidea
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Phylum Echinodermata
Class Ophiuroidea
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Phylum Echinodermata
Class Ophiuroidea
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Phylum Echinodermata
Class Echinoidea
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Phylum Echinodermata
Class Echinoidea
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Phylum Echinodermata
Class Echinoidea
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Phylum Echinodermata
Class Echinoidea