Lab 4 - protists Flashcards
1
Q
diatoms and brown algae: ______ :
A
Stramenopiles : SAR
2
Q
Dinoflagellates and ciliates: ______ : _____
A
Alveolates : SAR
3
Q
Red Algae, Chlorophytes, Charophytes : _____
A
Archaeplastida
4
Q
Euglenozonas : _______
A
Excavata
5
Q
Slime moulds and Tubulinids: _____ : _____
A
amoebozans : unikonta
6
Q
mode of nutrition : Eulgenozan
A
photoautotrophic
heterotrophic
7
Q
mode of nutrition : Ciliates
A
heterotrophic
8
Q
mode of nutrition : dinoflagellates
A
photoautotrophic
mixotrophic
9
Q
mode of nutrition : diatoms
A
photoautotroph
10
Q
mode of nutrition : brown alage
A
photoautotrophic
11
Q
mode of nutrition : red algae
A
photoautotrophic
parasitic
12
Q
mode of nutrition : chlorophytes
A
photoautotrophic
13
Q
mode of nutrition : charophytes
A
photoautotrophic
14
Q
mode of nutrition : slime moulds
A
phagocytosis (heterotrophic)
15
Q
mode of nutrition : tubulinids
A
Phagocytosis (heterotrophic)
16
Q
cell wall : euglenozoan
A
pellicle
17
Q
cell wall : ciliates
A
absent
18
Q
cell wall : dinoflagellates
A
cellulose
19
Q
cell wall : diatoms
A
silica
20
Q
cell wall : brown algae
A
cellulose
21
Q
cell wall : red algae
A
cellulose
22
Q
cell wall : chlorophytes
A
cellulose
23
Q
cell wall : charophytes
A
cellulose
24
Q
cell wall : slime moulds
A
absent
25
cell wall : tubulinids
absent
26
habitat: euglenozoans
freshwater/parasitic
27
habitat: ciliates
freshwater
28
habitat: dinoflagellates
marine
29
habitat: diatoms
marine and freswater
30
habitat: brown algae
cold marine
31
habitat: red algae
marine
32
habitat: chlorophytes
fresh
Marine
33
habitat: charophytes
freshwater
34
habitat: slime moulds
moist terrestrial
35
habitat: tubulinids
terrestrial
marine
freshwater
parasitic
36
movement: tubulinids
pseudopodia
37
movement: slime moulds
cytoplasmic streaming
38
movement: charophytes
flagella but mostly sessile
39
movement: chlorophytes
flagella but mostly sessile
40
movement: red algae
non-motile
41
movement: brown algae
non-motile
42
movement: diatoms
non-motile but use currents to move
43
movement: dinoflagellates
flagella
44
movement: ciliates
cilia
45
movement: euglenozoan
flagella
46
how are euglenoids similar to green algae
possession of chlorophyll a and b
47
how are euglenoids different to green algae
different cell wall composition
48
true or false
ancestral euglenids ingested green algae and formed a stable relationship through primary endosymbiosis
false - secondary endosymbiosis
49
how do Egulena store their energy
as a carbohydrate called paramylon
50
stentor have ____ along the oral groove
cilia
51
stentors use their cilia for
1. feeding
2. movement
52
do Stentors have a rigid cell wall
NO - they are able to move and change shape fast
53
what does the colour of the Stentor say about its mode of nutrition
They ingest and form photosynthetic relationships with algae, causing them to have a blue or green color
54
contractile vacuole purpose in Stentor
for maintaining their water balance
55
macronucleus purpose in Stentor
non-reproductive function like cell metabolism or protein synthesis
56
dinoflagellates are ____ at maturity
haploid -
57
dinoflagellates reproduce ___
asexually
58
how did spirogyra get its name
characteristic spiral shape of the chloroplasts possessed by its members.
59
do slime moulds have cytoplasmic streaming
YES - in their plasmodium
60
what colour is Stentor
grey-green
61
dinoflagellates are _____ organisms
single-celled
62
what protists makes bioluminescence
dinoflagellates
63
what protist causes red tide
dinoflagellates
64
what is responsible for maintaining the dinoflagellate's shape
cellulose plates inside the cell membrane
65
diatoms are ______ organisms
unicellular
66
how are diatoms transported
by currents
67
the diatom cell wall has ___ parts
2
68
what are two shapes for diatoms
centric and pennate
69
what shape of diatom is this
centric
70
centric diatoms have _____ symmetry
raidal
71
pennate diatoms have _____ symmetry
bilateral
72
what shape of diatom is this
pennate
73
what view is this of a diatom
side or gridle view
74
what view is this of a diatom
top or valve view
75
true or false
Laminaria superficially resemble plants
true
76
the similarities between plants and brown algae (laminaria) are ____
analogous
77
did the ancestor of brown algae and land plants have the body plan
NO
78
thallus (laminaria)
body
79
blade (laminaria)
leaf like
80
stipe (laminaria)
stem like
81
holdfast (laminaria)
roots like
82
laminaria reproduces via
flagellated animal-like zoospores that are released from sporangia from the surface of the blade
83
what photosynthetic pigments are found in red algae
chlorophyll a and phycoerythrin
84
phycoerythrin
photosynthetic pigment that is adapted to take advantage of wide spectrum of light in various depths of water
85
true or false
red algae are ENTIRELY dependent on the currents for fertilization and dispersal
true
86
_____ are some of the most ecologically and evolutionarily important algae
green algae
87
how are green algae and land plants similar
both have photosynthetic pigments and cell walls made from cellulose
88
green algae reproduction
asexual and sexual
89
types of green algae
chlorophytes
charophytes
90
chlorophytes diversity arises from
the thallus types
91
thallus types in chlorophytes
1. unicellular
2. colonial
3. filamentous
4. growth in three planes
92
true or false
some chlorophytes are known to form a mutualistic relation with fungi
true - lichens
93
what are some features that charophytes show to closely relate them to land plants
1. type of cellulose
2. presence of peroxisomes
3. process of forming new cell wall material
94
amoebozoans (slime moulds) are sometimes referred to as
fungus like protists
95
slime moulds are important
decomposers
96
slime mould vegetative state
slime moulds exist as thin, streaming masses of MULTINUCLEATED protoplast
97
slime mould vegetative state is known as
plasmodium
98
what happens to slime moulds when the food supply is low
the plasmodium stops moving and begins to form a series of small mounds - developing into a mature sporangium
99
tubulinids are referred to as
animal-like protists
100
tubulinids have two regions of the cytoplasm
1. endoplasm - more fluid and more central
2. ectoplasm - nonflowing and more peripheral
101
what flows first into the tip of the pseudopodium tubulinids
endoplasm and then the ectoplasm
102
tubulinids are examples of
Amoebozan and supergroup unikonta
103
slime moulds are examples of
amoebozoan and supergroup unikonta
104
spirogyra is an example of
charophytes/green algae and supergroup archaeplastida
105
volvox is an example of
chlorophytes/green algae and supergroup archaeplastida
106
laminaria is an example of
brown algae/stramenopiles and supergroup SAR
107
diatoms are an example of
stramenopiles and supergroup SAR
108
dinoflagellates are an example of
alveolates and supergroup SAR
109
Stentor is an example of
alveolates and SAR supergroup
110
euglena is an example of
euglenozoans and supergroup excavata
111
plant-like protists are
photosynthetic and sessile
112
fungus-like protists are
heterotrophic and relatively sessile
113
animal-like protists are
heterotrophic and motile
114
euglena : supergroup excavata
115
Stentor : Alveolates : SAR clade
116
Dinoflagellate : alevolates SAR
117
diatoms : stramenopiles : SAR
118
laminaria : stramenopiles : SAR
119
polysiphonia : red algae : archaeplastida
120
volvox : (chlorophytes) green algae : archaeplastida
121
spirogyra : (charophytes) green algae: archaeplastida
122
slime moulds physarum : amoebozoan : unikonta
123
tubulinids amoeba proteus : amoebozoan : unikonta
