Lab 4 Abdominal Viscera 3 Flashcards
What are the branches of the inferior mesenteric artery?
left colic artery, sigmoid arteries, superior rectal artery
Transverse trajectory toward the superior end of the descending colon
left colic artery
3-4 arteries that pass through the sigmoid mesocolon to supply the sigmoid colon
sigmoid arteries
Terminal end of the IMA, supplying the proximal rectum via right and left branches
superior rectal artery
IMA and left ureter lie in the ____ space with the vessels ___ to the ureter. The vessels going to the descending colon stay more or less ___ while the vessels going to the sigmoid colon become ____ as they approach the sigmoid colon.
retroperitoneal space
anterior
retro
intraperitoneal
The tributaries of what parallel the branches of the IMA?
inferior mesenteric vein
Tracing the IMV superiorly along the left side of the IMA, passing posterior to the pancreas to join the ____ or ____ (less common).
splenic vein
superior mesenteric vein
RLQ, intraperitoneal, own mesentery
cecum
Attached to the cecum at the confluence of the teniae coli
veriform appendix
Mesentery of the appendix containing what artery?
mesoappendix, appendicular artery- a branch of the ileocolic artery
Extends superiorly from the cecum from the level of the ileocecal junction to the right colic flexure
ascending colon
Extends from the right colic flexure to the left colic flexure. The ___ flexure is more superior than the ___. This allows ___ to be freely mobile. What are the two mesenteries here?
transverse colon
left is more superior than the right
transverse colon freely mobile
transverse mesocolon and greateromentum
Extends inferiorly form the left colic flexure to the LLQ
descending colon
Extends from the descending colon at the iliac crest to the level of the 3rd sacral segment within the pelvis where it is continuous with the rectum. What is the mesentery?
sigmoid colon
sigmoid mesocolon
3 narrow bands of longitudinal muscle
teniae coli
Outpouchings of the colon wall
haustrum
Small accumulations of fat covered by visceral peritoneum
omental appendices (epiploic appendices)
What is found on the anterior surface of the pancreas? BEWARE
pancreaticoduodenal vessels
Passes transversely to the right from the pylorus of the stomach with the hepatoduodenal ligament attached to it. Considered to be intra or retro?
superior (first part) of duodenum
intraperitoneal (L1)
Found paravertebral to the right, anterior to the hilum of the right kidney, right renal vessels, and inferior vena cava. Considered to be intra or retro?
descending (second) part of duodenum
retroperitoneal (L2)
Lies anterior to the inferior vena cava and abdominal aorta. Consider to be intra or retro? What crosses anteriorly? Posteriorly?
horizontal (third) part of duodenum
retroperitoneal (L3)
Anteriorly- superior mesenteric vessels
Posteriorly- inferior mesenteric vessels
Ascends up to L2 vertebral level, retroperitoneal until it bends anteriorly to become intraperitoneal at its junction with the jejunum
ascending (fourth) part
Thickest portion of pancreas, lies within the curvature of the duodenum, anterior to the IVC
head
Small, inferior projection of the head of the pancreas, posterior to the superior mesenteric vessels
uncinate process
Superior to the uncinate process of pancreas, anterior to the superior mesenteric vessels and formation of the hepatic portal vein
neck
Extends between the neck and the tail of the pancreas, crosses the abdominal aorta
body
The narrow left end of the body of the pancreas, its tip lies in the splenorenal ligament and contacts the hilum of the spleen
tail
Branches of the gastroduodenal artery (2)
anterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery
posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery
What is usually the most proximal branch of the superior mesenteric artery? Where does it enter the pancreas?
inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery
enters the inferior portion of the head of the pancreas to anastomose with the superior set
What passes along the superior border of the pancreas? What are the two branches that supply the pancreas?
splenic artery
- dorsal pancreatic artery (neck of pancreas)
- greater pancreatic artery (half the length between the neck and tail)
What has anastomosis with the greater omentum along the greater curvature of the stomach?
left and right gastro-omental artery
What is the most medial branch of the inferior mesenteric artery?
superior rectal artery
The suspensory ligament of the duodenum is found at what junction?
duodenojejunal
Folds of mucosa within the body of the stomach
rugae (gastric folds)
Horizontal narrowing of the body of the stomach, elading to the sphincter
pyloric antrum
Thick, dense structure, an actual sphincter that regulates gastric emptying
pyloric sphincter
Opening in the center of the sphincter
pyloric orifice
Fully circumferential folds of mucosa oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the small intestine
circular folds (plicae circularis)
Small elevation of mucosa on the posteromedial wall through which the main pancreatic duct and the bile duct open into the 2nd part of the duodenum
major dudoenal papilla
Typically found midway between the superior and inferior borders of the pancreas
main pancreatic duct
If you trace the main pancreatic duct toward the tail and to the right into the depths of the head, you will find it merging with what?
the bile duct near the descending duodenum and the major duodenal papilla
What is found only within the head of the pancreas superior to and merging with the main duct?
accessory pancreatic duct
Where are the circular folds (plicae circulares) larger and closer together?
a. jejunum
b. ileum
jejunum
What is found on the interior of the ileum?
Peyer’s patches
What is found between adjacent haustra?
semilunar folds (plicae semilunares)
