Lab 2 Abdominal Cavity and Viscera 1 Flashcards
What two ligaments are found on the inner surface of the right upper quadrant flap?
falciform ligament and round ligament of the liver
What are the 3 folds on the inner surface of the lower abdominal wall?
median umbilical fold (midline), medial umbilical fold (lateral to median), lateral umbilical fold (lateral to medial)
What divides the right and left lobes of the liver?
ligamentum teres hepatis and falciform ligament
What extends below the inferior border of the liver from the visceral surface near the tip of the right 9th costal cartilage?
gallbladder
What is attached to the greater curvature of the stomach and te transverse colon?
greater omentum
What begins in the LUQ and “corkscrews” toward the RLQ? (small intestine)
jejunum
What is primarily situated in the RLQ? (small intestine)
ileum
A blind pouch inferior to the ileocolic (ileocecal) junction (large intestine)
cecum
Worm-shaped appendage typically originating from the cecum a few centimeters inferior to the ileocolic junction
appendix
From the RLQ to the RUQ, ending at the right colic flexure
ascending colon
The sharp bend in the colon between the ascending and transverse colon, abuts the visceral surface of the liver
right colic flexure (hepatic flexure)
From the RUQ to the LUQ, ending at the left colic flexure
transverse colon
The sharp bend in the colon between the transverse and descending colon, abuts the spleen
left colic flexure (splenic flexure)
From the LUQ to the LLQ, changes to sigmoid at the iliac crest
descending colon
Continuation of descending colon at the iliac crest to the S2/S3 level where it changes name to the rectum
Sigmoid colon
The ascending colon, descending colon, and rectum are secondarily _____ while the other features are ____.
retroperitoneal
intraperitoneal
What is on the surface of the stomach and small intestines?
visceral peritoneum
What is on the inner surface of the abdominal wall?
parietal peritoneum
What ligament is from the liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach?
hepatogastric ligament
What ligament is from the liver to the first part of the duodenum?
hepatoduodenal ligament
What ligament attaches between the superior part of the greater curvature of the stomach and the diaphragm?
gastrophrenic ligament
What ligament passes between the greater curvature of the stomach and the spleen?
gastrosplenic ligament
What ligament attaches the spleen to the body wall anterior/adjacent to the left kidney?
splenorenal ligament
What is the double-layer of peritoneum attaching the transverse colon to the pancreas and duodenum along the posterior wall?
transverse mesocolon
What ligament is the left end of the transverse mesocolon and attaches the left colic flexure to the diaphragm?
phrenicocolic ligament
What suspends the jejunum and ileum from the posterior abdominal wall?
mesentery
What is the anchor point of the mesentery to the posterior abdominal wall running at an angle from the LUQ to the RLQ?
root of the mesentery
What is the mesentery attaching the appendix to the posterior abdominal wall? What does it contain?
mesoappendix
contains appendicular artery
What suspends the sigmoid colon from the posterior abdominal wall?
sigmoid mesocolon
All the peritoneal structures are found in the peritoneal cavity call the ____ which is readily viewable. The ___ is found posterior to the stomach and lesser omentum.
greater peritoneal sac
lesser peritoneal sac (omental bursa)
What connects the greater and lesser peritoneal sacs? What are the boundaries?
omental foramen (epiploic foramen)
- anterior- hepatic portal vein, hepatic artery proper, bile duct within hepatoduodenal ligament
- posterior- inferior vena cava and right crus of the diaphragm
- superior- caudate lobe of the liver
- inferior- 1st part of the duodenum
What is the sharp, anterior edge separating the daphragmatic surface of the visceral surface? (liver)
inferior border of the liver
What is a general area where structures enter/exit the liver? Where is this located?
porta hepatis on the visceral surface of the liver
What are the contents and locations of things in the omental foramen?
- common bile duct- anterior and most lateral
- hepatic artery proper- anterior and medial
- hepatic portal vein- posterior (deepest)
Tracing the bile duct superior will lead to what two things?
cystic duct and common hepatic duct
Common hepatic duct has what two tributaries? Found at what level?
right hepatic duct and left hepatic duct
level of the porta hepatis
The tough tissue covering the hepatic artery proper is what? What does the artery bifurcate to and at what level?
an autonomic nerve plexus
bifurcates to the right hepatic artery and left hepatic artery at the level of the porta hepatis
What are the borders of the cystohepatic triangle? What will this help us find?
cystic duct, common hepatic duct, and liver
helps find the cystic artery arising from the right hepatic artery
What artery arises from hepatic artery proper and can be followed inferiorly toward the pylorus and then the lesser curvature of the stomach?
right gastric artery
Following the hepatic artery proper inferiorly will lead to what artery? What other artery is seen in this location?
common hepatic artery- more horizontal and bifurcates into the descending gastroduodenal artery and the ascending hepatic artery proper
gastroduodenal artery
Following the gastroduodenal artery posterior to the 1st part of the duodenum will lead to a bifurcation. Name the two arteries.
right gastro-omental artery
anterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery
The celiac trunk arises from the anterior of the abdominal aorta at ___ level and is very short.
T12
What are the remaining branches of the celiac trunk?
splenic artery and left gastric artery
What should have a horizontal trajectory, passing posterior to the stomach along the superior margin of the pancreas?
splenic artery
What should have a superior trajectory, aiming toward the esophagus to gain access to the superior end of the lesser curvature?
left gastric artery
What 4 things do the spleen abut?
stomach, left kidney, left colic flexure and the pancreas
What arteries come from the distal end of the splenic artery to supply the fundus of the stomach?
short gastric arteries
About 2cm from the greater curvature of the stomach, what artery is found within the greater omentum?
left gastromental artery (left gastroepiploic artery)
The right gastro-omental artery can be found within the greater omentum near the right end of the greater curvature of the stomach. Following this artery to the right leads to its origin, the ___ artery, a branch of the ____ artery.
the gastroduodenal artery, a branch of the common hepatic artery
The hepatic portal vein divides into what two veins superiorly?
right portal vein and left portal vein
What are tributaries to the hepatic portal vein?
the right gastric vein and the left gastric vein
