Lab 11 Peritoneum

Question 1

The internal iliac divides into an ___ and ___ division.

Answer 1

ant. and pos.

Question 2

Anterior iliac mainly distributes to the ____ while the posterior division distributes to the _____.

Answer 2

ant. - pelvic visera and gluteal region

pos. - pelvic wall and gluteal region

Question 3

What are the branches of the anterior divison of the internal iliac artery? (6 in both, 7 in males, 8 in females)

Answer 3

-umbilical artery, superior vesical artery, obturator artery, inferior vesical artery, uterine artery, vaginal artery, middle rectal artery, internal pudendal artery, inferior gluteal artery

Question 4

What is the most superior and anterior branch of the anterior division of the internal iliac artery? It crosses horizontally toward the anterior abdominal wall where it forms what?

Answer 4

umbilical artery

obliterated to form the medial umbilical ligament

Question 5

What forms numerous branches from the umbilical artery that pass toward the superior surface of the urinary bladder?

Answer 5

superior vesical artery

Question 6

What is found inferior to the umbilical artery and parallels the nerve of the same name passing toward the inferior surface of the superior pubic ramus?

Answer 6

obturator artery and obturator nerve

Question 7

What courses toward the fundus/posterior/base of the bladder to supply the bladder, seminal vesicles and prostate?

Answer 7

inferior vesicle artery

Question 8

This courses along the inferior attachment of the broad ligament, passes superior to the ureter, can be traced to the lateral aspect of the uterus..

Answer 8

uterine artery- usually branches into a larger superior branch to the body/fundus and a smaller inferior branch to the cervix and vagina

Question 9

This courses along the pelvic floor, passes inferior to the ureter, and supplies the vagina and urinary bladder.

Answer 9

vaginal artery

the ureter is between the uterine and vaginal arteries

Question 10

This is found intermingling with the inferior vesical artery and its branches.

Answer 10

middle rectal artery

Question 11

This exits the pelvis by passing through the greater sciatic foramen inferior to the piriformis muscle.

Answer 11

internal pudendal artery

Question 12

What passes between the s2/s3 ventral rami to exit the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen inferior to the piriformis muscle?

Answer 12

inferior gluteal artery

Question 13

What are the branches of the posterior division of the internal iliac artery? (3)

Answer 13

iliolumbar artery, lateral sacral artery, superior gluteal artery

Question 14

What passes posterior to ascend between the lumbosacral trunk and the obturator nerve?

Answer 14

iliolumbar artery

Question 15

What gives superior and inferior branches , whith the infeiror passing along the sacral ventral rami?

Answer 15

lateral sacral artery

Question 16

What exits the pelvic cavity by passing between the lumbosacral trunk and S1 ventral ramus?

Answer 16

superior gluteal artery

Question 17

What is found just inferior to the pubic symphysis in males?

Answer 17

deep dorsal vein of the penis

Question 18

What 3 veins drain into the internal iliac vein?

Answer 18

prostatic, vesical, and rectal

Question 19

Somatic: the ___ and ____ plexuses are located between the pelvic viscera and the posterolateral pelvic wall within the ____ fascia. Formed by contributions of the ventral rami of ___ to ___ spinal nerves.

Answer 19

sacral and coccygeal plexuses

endopelvic fascia

L4-S4 spinal nerves

Question 20

Visceral- the _____ plexus (aka pelvic plexus) is formed by contributions from the ___ nerves, _____ nerves (sympathetic), and ____ nerves (parasympathetic).

Answer 20

inferior hypogastric plexus

-hypogastric nerves, sacral splanchnic nerves, and pelvic splanchnic nerves

Question 21

The sacral plexus of nerves passes between segments of what muscle?

Answer 21

piriformis

Question 22

What are the nerves of the sacral plexus?

Answer 22

lumbosacral trunk, sciatic nerve, ventral ramus of S1 S2 and S3, and pudendal nerve

Question 23

The lumbosacral trunk (L4-S3) crosses __ to the sacral ala to join the sacral plexus after crossing the ____ gluteal artery.

Answer 23

anterior

superior gluteal artery

Question 24

The sciatic nerve (L4-S3) is continuous with the ___ and its convergence with ___ to ___ rami. It exits the pelvis through the _____ inferior to piriformis.

Answer 24

lumbosacral trunk

S1-S3 rami

greater sciatic foramen

Question 25

What emerges from its anterior sacral foramen above the piriformis and below the lumbosacral trunk and superior gluteal artery?

Answer 25

ventral ramus of S1

S2 is down from S1, S3 is down from S2

Question 26

The pudendal nerves (S2-S4) exits the pelvis through the _____ inferior to the piriformis.

Answer 26

greater sciatic foramen

Question 27

_____ nerves (S2-S4, parasym.) pass horizontally between the s2-s4 ventral rami to the ____ plexus in the endopelvic fascia around the pelvic organs.

Answer 27

pelvic splanchnic nerves

inferior hypogastric plexus

Question 28

What is continuous with the lumbar section, on the anterior of the sacrum, medial to the ventral sacral foramina?

Answer 28

sacral sympathetic trunk with ganglia

Question 29

What connects the sympathetic ganglia to the sacral anterior rami?

Answer 29

gray rami communicantes

Question 30

What connects 2 or 3 of the sympathetic ganglia to the inferior hypogastric plexus?

Answer 30

sacral splanchnic nerves

Question 31

What 3 muscles form the levator ani?

Answer 31

puborectalis, pubococcygeus, and iliococcygeus

Question 32

From the body of the pubis, this is the most medial with fibers that wrap around the rectum posteriorly

Answer 32

puborectalis

Question 33

From the body of the pubis, this is more lateral and wider than puborectalis, it attaches to anococcygeal ligament

Answer 33

pubococcygeus

Question 34

From the tendinous arch to the anococcygeal ligament and coccyx, most lateral and widest of the 3 levator ani muscles.

Answer 34

iliococcygeus

Question 35

This is the most posterior pelvic diaphragm muscle, attaching between the ischial spine and the coccyx/lower sacrum. Found inferior to the piriformis muscle.

Answer 35

coccygeus

Question 36

Superior to the tendinous arch, through the fascia, this forms the lateral wall of the pelvic cavity. Inferior to the tendinous arch, this forms the lateral wall of the perineum.

Answer 36

obturator internus