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Human Anatomy > Lab 3 - Musculoskeletal System > Flashcards

Lab 3 - Musculoskeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

How do the features of the vertebrae (body, spinous process, etc.) differ from region to region?

A

Slide 15 chart (MSK I)

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2
Q

Are there features that are unique to certain regions?

A

Cervical:
- Bifid spine,
- Transverse foramen (vertebral artery)
- Atlas & axis

Thoracic:
- Areas on body & TP rib attachment (costal facets) (only vertebrae that touches ribs)

Lumbar:
- Largest body (b/c it’s where all our weight sits)

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3
Q

Which spinal region is primarily responsible for providing the range of motion required to perform each of the following actions? What movements are occurring? What joints are moving?

  • Splitting firewood with an axe
A

lumbar region

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4
Q

Which spinal region is primarily responsible for providing the range of motion required to perform each of the following actions? What movements are occurring? What joints are moving?

  • Throwing a Frisbee
A

thoracic region

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5
Q

Which spinal region is primarily responsible for providing the range of motion required to perform each of the following actions? What movements are occurring? What joints are moving?

  • Bobbing your head in time with your favourite song
A

cervical region

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6
Q

Which back muscle(s) are active when a person bends forward at the waist? Are these muscles shortening or lengthening?

A

Erector spinae muscles; lengthening

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7
Q

What are their distinguishing features?

  • Clavicle
A
  • aka the collar bone
  • S shaped
  • Holds upper limb in position
  • Circular at sterno-clavicle joint (SC)
  • Broad at acromi-clavicle joint (AC)
  • Latin “little key”
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8
Q

What are their distinguishing features?

  • Scapula
A
  • Aka the shoulder blade
  • Very thin
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9
Q

What are their distinguishing features?

  • Humerus
A
  • Long bone
  • Head (ball) sits into the glenoid fossa (socket)
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10
Q

What are their distinguishing features?

  • Radius
A
  • Small & part of elbow (along for the ride)
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11
Q

What are their distinguishing features?

  • Ulna
A
  • Creates the elbow of your elbow
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12
Q

What are their distinguishing features?

  • Carpals (identify each individual bone)
A

= wrist

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13
Q

What are their distinguishing features?

  • Metacarpals
A

= hand

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14
Q

What are their distinguishing features?

  • Phalanges
A

= fingers

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15
Q

Identify the following joints and describe the movements that occur at these joints:

  • Glenohumeral joint
A

Flexion/Extension/Hyperextension, Lateral rotation/Medial rotation, Abduction/Adduction/Circumduction

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16
Q

Identify the following joints and describe the movements that occur at these joints:

  • Elbow joint
A

Flexion/Extension

17
Q

Identify the following joints and describe the movements that occur at these joints:

  • 1st carpal-metacarpal joint (thumb)
A

Abduction, Flexion, Opposition

18
Q
  • Back and Shoulder

a. Trapezius
b. Deltoid
c. Latissimus dorsi
d. Rotator cuff (subscapularis (_________), infraspinatus (_________), supraspinatus (_________), teres minor (_______)

A

a. Trapezius – shoulder retraction
b. Deltoid – GH Abduction
c. Latissimus dorsi – GH extension, int rot, Add
d. Rotator cuff (subscapularis (GH Abduction), infraspinatus (GH Ext rot), supraspinatus (GH Int rot), teres minor (GH Ext rot))

19
Q
  • Pectoral Region
    a. Pectoralis major
A

GH Flexion, int rot

20
Q
  • Arm
    a. Biceps brachii
    b. Triceps
A

a. Biceps brachii – GH flexion, elbow flexion, supination
b. Triceps – GH extension, ELBOW EXTENSION

21
Q
  • Forearm

Anterior Compartment:

a. Pronator Teres
b. Flexor Carpi Radialis
c. Palmaris Longus
d. Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
e. Flexor Digitorum Superficialis

A

a. Pronator Teres – pronation
b. Flexor Carpi Radialis – Radial deviation (flexor compartment) ?
c. Palmaris Longus – Flexor compartment ?
d. Flexor Carpi Ulnaris – Ulnar deviation (flexor compartment) ?
e. Flexor Digitorum Superficialis – Flexor compartment

22
Q

Brachioradialis

(remember that it is not part of either compartment)

A

??

23
Q

Posterior Compartment:
a. Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
b. Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
c. Extensor Digitorum
d. Extensior Carpi Ulnaris

A

a. Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus – Radial deviation (extensor compartment) ?
b. Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis – Radial deviation (extensor compartment) ?
c. Extensor Digitorum – Extensor compartment ?
d. Extensior Carpi Ulnaris – Ulnar deviation (extensor compartment) ?

24
Q
  • Hand

a. Thenar muscle group
b. Hypothenar muscle group

A

a. Thenar muscle group – Abduction, flexion, opposition of thumb
b. Hypothenar muscle group – Abduction, flexion & opposition of pinky

25
Q
  1. Identify the following bones of the lower extremity. What are their distinguishing features?
  • Pelvis (ilium, ischium, and pubis)
  • Femur
  • Patella
  • Tibia
  • Fibula
  • Tarsals (identify the talus and calcaneus)
  • Metatarsals
  • Phalanges
A
  • Pelvis (ilium, ischium, and pubis) – 2 innominates (right & left, one innominate is made up from 3 fused bone (ilium, ishium, & pubis) ?
  • Femur – strongest bone in the body (part of the largest joint), shape can vary
  • Patella – a sesamoid bone (found inside the quad tendon)
  • Tibia – considered the shin bone
  • Fibula – the distal tibia & the fibula make up the “mortise of the ankle”
  • Tarsals (identify the talus and calcaneus) – talus sits inside the tibia & fibula. ?
  • Metatarsals - ?
  • Phalanges - ?
26
Q

Identify the following joints and describe the movements that occur at these joints:

  • Hip joint
  • Knee joint
  • Ankle joint
A
  • Hip joint – flexion/extension, abduction/adduction, external/internal rotation
  • Knee joint – flexion/extension
  • Ankle joint – plantarflexion/dorsiflexion, inversion/eversion
27
Q

Identify the following muscles of the lower extremity and describe their actions:

  • Gluteal region
    a. Gluteus maximus
    b. Gluteus medius
    c. Piriformis
A

a. Gluteus maximus – Hip extension & lateral rot
b. Gluteus medius – Hip abduction & med rot
c. Piriformis – Hip lateral rotation

28
Q

Identify the following muscles of the lower extremity and describe their actions:

  • Thigh
    a. Iliopsoas
    b. Sartorius
    c. Quadriceps (identify all 4 parts)
    d. Hamstrings (biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus)
    e. Adductor muscle group (groin muscles)
A

a. Iliopsoas – Hip flexion
b. Sartorius – Hip flexion, hip abduction, hip lateral rotation & knee flexion
c. Quadriceps (identify all 4 parts) – Knee extension?
d. Hamstrings (biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus) – Hip extension & knee flexion
e. Adductor muscle group

29
Q

Identify the following muscles of the lower extremity and describe their actions:

  • Leg
    Anterior Compartment:
    a. Tibialis Anterior
    b. Extensor Hallucis Longus
    c. Extensor Digitorum Longus
A

a. Tibialis Anterior – Extensors/dorsiflexion
b. Extensor Hallucis Longus – Extensors/dorsiflexion
c. Extensor Digitorum Longus – Extensors/dosiflexion

30
Q

Identify the following muscles of the lower extremity and describe their actions:

Lateral Compartment:
d. Peroneus Longus
e. Peroneus Brevis

A

d. Peroneus Longus – Everters?
e. Peroneus Brevis – Everters ?

31
Q

Identify the following muscles of the lower extremity and describe their actions:

f. Gastrocnemius
g. Soleus
h. Tibialis Posterior
i. Flexor Hallucis Longus
j. Flexor Digitorum Longus

A

f. Gastrocnemius – Flexors/plantarflexion (superficial)
g. Soleus – Flexors/plantarflexion (superficial)
h. Tibialis Posterior – Flexors/plantarflexion (deep)
i. Flexor Hallucis Longus – Flexors/plantarflexion (deep)
j. Flexor Digitorum Longus – Flexors/plantarflexion (deep)

Human Anatomy (7 decks)

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