Lab 3 Functions Flashcards
Protects the nasopharynx during swallowing
Uvula
passageway for food from the mouth to the esophagus
Oropharynx and Laryngopharynx
passageway for food to the stomach
Esophagus
prevents reflux of stomach acid
Gastroesophageal (inferior esophageal)
mixes food with HCl and digestive enzymes to form chyme
stomach
controls the entry of cyme into the duodenum
Pyloric Sphincter
secures the stomach to the abdominal wall and to other organs
Greater Omentum
completes chemical digestion; absorption of food molecules
Small intestines
slow movement of chyme through the small intestine to increase time for absorption
circular folds
absorb food molecules and allow them to enter a blood capillary or lacteal
Villi
controls entry of waste into the large intestine
ileocecal
three bands of smooth muscle that pucker the large intestine creating haustra
Teniae coli
contract slowly to allow time for water absorption and to move waste to the next haustrum
Haustra
fights infection
Vermiform appendix
secures the small intestines
Mesentery
produces bile, detoxifies blood, stores glycogen and fat-soluble vitamins
Liver
attaches the liver to the diaphragm and abdominal wall
Falciform ligament
stores bile
Gall bladder
: transports bile away from the liver and into the bile duct
Common Hepatic duct
transports bile to and from the gall bladder
Cystic duct
transports bile to the duodenum
Bile duct
produces digestive enzymes, hormones and pancreatic juice
Pancreas
transports pancreatic juice and digestive enzymes to the duodenum
Main pancreatic duct
control the entry of bile, digestive enzymes and pancreatic juice into the duodenum
Hepatopancreatic ampulla
produce saliva which contains IgA to fight infection, lysozyme to fight bacteria, and salivary amylase to begin digestion of carbohydrates
Salivary Glands
transport deoxygenated blood from the systemic circulation to the right atrium
Superior and inferior Vena Cava
receives deoxygenated blood from the systemic circulation
Right Atrium
pumps deoxygenated blood to the pulmonary circulation
Right Ventricle
: receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary circulation
Left Atrium
pumps oxygenated blood to the systemic circulation
Left Ventricle
prevents the backflow of blood
Tricuspid, Pulmonary, Bicuspid (mitral) and Aortic valves
: transports deoxygenated blood to the pulmonary arteries
Pulmonary Trunk
transport deoxygenated blood to the lungs
Right and Left Pulmonary Arteries
transport oxygenated blood from the lungs to the
left atrium
Right and Left Pulmonary Veins
: transports oxygenated blood to the systemic circulation
Aorta
transports oxygenated blood to the right subclavian and right common carotid arteries
Brachiocephalic Trunk
transports oxygenated blood to the right upper limb
Right subclavian Artery
transports oxygenated blood to the right side of the head and neck
Right Common Carotid Artery
transports oxygenated blood to the left side of the head and neck
Left Common Carotid Artery
transports oxygenated blood to the left upper limb
Left Subclavian Artery
attach the cusps of the atrioventricular valves to the papillary muscles
Chordae Tendinae
secure the atrioventricular valves during ventricular contraction
Papillary Muscles
separates the right and left ventricles
Interventricular Septum
a remnant from fetal circulation during which time it was an opening between the right and left atria
Fossa Ovalis
a ligament between the pulmonary trunk and the aorta; another remnant from fetal circulation which allowed blood in the pulmonary trunk to flow into the aorta
Ligamentum Arteriosum
a serous membrane that produces pericardial fluid to decrease friction as the heart contracts
Visceral Pericardium (Epicardium) and Parietal Pericardium
