Lab #2 - Lower extremity injures 1

Question 1

Four types of ways you observe the state of the ankle

Answer 1

AROM - active range of motion
PROM- passive range of motion
isometric resisted tests
functional testing - sport specific movements

Question 2

how do you palpate?

Answer 2

start away from injury and move closer

palpate both soft and hard tissues

Question 3

movements of the ankle

Answer 3

talocrural (ankle joint) - dorsiflexion plantar flexion

subtalar - inversion and eversion

Question 4

3 reasons why inversion sprains happen more frequently than eversion sprains

Answer 4

1. configuration of ankle joint makes it less stable in plantarflexion and inversion
2. lateral malleolus on th fibula extends further distally than the medial malleolus on the tibia and limits excessive eversion, but allows for excessive inversion
3. lateral ligaments of the snake are smaller and not interconnection so they are structural weaker, versus medial ligaments are larger and highly interconnected

Question 5

purpose of taping

Answer 5

sport injured structure
limit harmful movements
allow pain free functional movements
permit early resumption fo activities

Question 6

benefits of taping

Answer 6

swelling in controlled
prevents the initial injury from worsening
prevents compensatory injury to adjacent parts
prevents atrophy from nonuse

Question 7

steps before taping

Answer 7

1. conduct a basic history and assesement prior to application
2. given nature of injury, do you think that thing or wrapping can help to support (indications) can taping or wrapping be safely applied?
3. will the athlete be functional after taping?
4. how familiar are you with the taping technique you are going to provide?
5. what type of taping material is available?

Question 8

Basic history/assessment to cover pre-taping

Answer 8

What is the injury?
What anatomical structures have been injured?
What was the MOI?
How severe was the injury?
What stage of healing is the injury at (acute, ongoing, chronic or prophylactic)
Does the individual or athlete have full AROM or strength?
Have you ruled out secondary complications (fractures? Has a physician been consulted and x rays taken?
Has the patient been taped before?
Any allergies?

Question 9

factors that affect taping

Answer 9

neatness, fit, spray, pro wrap or underwear, speed, friction pads, skin lube, positioning, type of materials available

Question 10

basic ankle basket weave technique include what

Answer 10

3 anchor strips on calf 
1/2 anchor strips on foot 
3-5 stirrups
5-7 cross stirrups 
2 heel locks 
finish with anchors

Question 11

function of stirrups

Answer 11

prevent inversion/eversion

Question 12

function of heel lock

Answer 12

control rear foot movement and keep ankle in a closed packed position

Question 13

function of cross stirrups

Answer 13

prevent anterior shearing of the talus on the calcaneus , also keep snake joint secure by squeezing tibia and fibula together on the dome of the talus

Question 14

preparation before tape steps

Answer 14

check for skin irritations, blisters, abrasions, etc
apply tape adherent 
applies skin lube and heel and lace pads
apply pro wrap 
check MSC

Question 15

check afterwards what?

Answer 15

function - sport specific
appropriate application?
MSC check