Emergency I Flashcards
definition of an emergency
an unforeseen combination circumstances or the resulting state that calls for immediate action:
a) a sudden bodily alteration (as a ruptured appendix or surgical shock) such as is likely to require immediate medical attention
b) a usually distressing situation event or condition that can be often anticipated or prepared for but seldomly exactly foreseen
EAP checklist
equipment
on site personnel
introductions and signatures
medical information cards/parental consent
location of a phone
rapid field access is locked to allow EMS in
who is the charge person
typically the most capable to manage situations
in charge of assessing the situation
gives directions and assigns roles
who is the assistant/control person
anyone appointed by the charge person
often assists the charge person with assessment/injury management
crowd control
who is the call person
makes the 911 call
reports back to the charge person
may also be the person guiding the ambulance/emergency personnel
what info to give when calling 911
my name is, my phone number is, describe the emergency situation: type of emergency/injury, current condition fo athlete, current assistant being provided
I am at this specific location and someone will be at this location to guide you
should you hang up on 911 after you’re done?
not unless instructed to do so
what is done on field immediately in an emergency
- quick, efficiency and concise assessment
- provide clues as to severity of injury
- primary and secondary survey
life threatening conditions
airway obstruction no breathing no circulation profuse/deadly bleeding shock
what conditions require immediate attention
hyperthermia
hypothermia
head injury/LOC
fracture or dislocation of spine or long bone
serious eye injuries
athlete cannot move or support own body weight
unconscious
what is shock
heart is not able to exert enough pressure to circulate oxygenated blood to vital organs due to
- damaged heart
- low blood volume
- blood vessels dilation which causes pooling away form vital organs, taking oxygen away form cells
hypovolemic shock
decrease blood volume, and blood pressure
respiratory shock
lungs cannot supply enough oxygen
neurogenic shock
dilation of peripheral blood vessels due to CNA trauma
metabolic shock
complication of untreated diabetes or extreme loss of body fluid
psychogenic shock
temporary dilation of blood vessels, decrease in normal amount of blood to brain
cardiogenic shock
heart incapable of circulating blood
septic shock
severe bacterial infection
anaphylactic
dilation of peripheral blood vessels due to severe allergic reaction. hypotensive but tachycardic
signs and symptoms of shock
rapid, weak pulse and low BP shallow, rapid breathing pale, cool, clammy skin blue/grey pallor in lips/tongue/nailbeds may be drowsy and appear sluggish weakness, dizziness sweating, may be very thirsty late stages: unconsciousness and death
how to manage shock
activate EMS obtain and maintain open airway manage complication or conditions maintain body temperature elevate legs in most situations reassure and keep calm motor and record vital signs
what type of shock do you NOT elevate the legs?
long bones fracture/break or head injury or bleeding in the upper body
how do you determine and emergency situation ?
determined by mechanism of injury, player movement on field and observation upon first approach
first aider typically the initial medical person to actually see the injured individual
