Emergency I

Question 1

definition of an emergency

Answer 1

an unforeseen combination circumstances or the resulting state that calls for immediate action:

a) a sudden bodily alteration (as a ruptured appendix or surgical shock) such as is likely to require immediate medical attention
b) a usually distressing situation event or condition that can be often anticipated or prepared for but seldomly exactly foreseen

Question 2

EAP checklist

Answer 2

equipment
on site personnel
introductions and signatures
medical information cards/parental consent
location of a phone
rapid field access is locked to allow EMS in

Question 3

who is the charge person

Answer 3

typically the most capable to manage situations
in charge of assessing the situation
gives directions and assigns roles

Question 4

who is the assistant/control person

Answer 4

anyone appointed by the charge person
often assists the charge person with assessment/injury management
crowd control

Question 5

who is the call person

Answer 5

makes the 911 call
reports back to the charge person
may also be the person guiding the ambulance/emergency personnel

Question 6

what info to give when calling 911

Answer 6

my name is, my phone number is, describe the emergency situation: type of emergency/injury, current condition fo athlete, current assistant being provided
I am at this specific location and someone will be at this location to guide you

Question 7

should you hang up on 911 after you’re done?

Answer 7

not unless instructed to do so

Question 8

what is done on field immediately in an emergency

Answer 8

• quick, efficiency and concise assessment
• provide clues as to severity of injury
• primary and secondary survey

Question 9

life threatening conditions

Answer 9

airway obstruction 
no breathing 
no circulation 
profuse/deadly bleeding
shock

Question 10

what conditions require immediate attention

Answer 10

hyperthermia
hypothermia
head injury/LOC
fracture or dislocation of spine or long bone
serious eye injuries
athlete cannot move or support own body weight
unconscious

Question 11

what is shock

Answer 11

heart is not able to exert enough pressure to circulate oxygenated blood to vital organs due to

• damaged heart
• low blood volume
• blood vessels dilation which causes pooling away form vital organs, taking oxygen away form cells

Question 12

hypovolemic shock

Answer 12

decrease blood volume, and blood pressure

Question 13

respiratory shock

Answer 13

lungs cannot supply enough oxygen

Question 14

neurogenic shock

Answer 14

dilation of peripheral blood vessels due to CNA trauma

Question 15

metabolic shock

Answer 15

complication of untreated diabetes or extreme loss of body fluid

Question 16

psychogenic shock

Answer 16

temporary dilation of blood vessels, decrease in normal amount of blood to brain

Question 17

cardiogenic shock

Answer 17

heart incapable of circulating blood

Question 18

septic shock

Answer 18

severe bacterial infection

Question 19

anaphylactic

Answer 19

dilation of peripheral blood vessels due to severe allergic reaction. hypotensive but tachycardic

Question 20

signs and symptoms of shock

Answer 20

rapid, weak pulse and low BP
shallow, rapid breathing 
pale, cool, clammy skin
blue/grey pallor in lips/tongue/nailbeds 
may be drowsy and appear sluggish 
weakness, dizziness
sweating, may be very thirsty
late stages: unconsciousness and death

Question 21

how to manage shock

Answer 21

activate EMS
obtain and maintain open airway
manage complication or conditions 
maintain body temperature 
elevate legs in most situations 
reassure and keep calm 
motor and record vital signs

Question 22

what type of shock do you NOT elevate the legs?

Answer 22

long bones fracture/break or head injury or bleeding in the upper body

Question 23

how do you determine and emergency situation ?

Answer 23

determined by mechanism of injury, player movement on field and observation upon first approach
first aider typically the initial medical person to actually see the injured individual