Concussion Flashcards
what is an SRC and caused by what
traumatic brain injury induced by a biomechanical force, from a direct or indirect blow to the body or head
are injuries of an SCR functional or structural and so they appear on an MRI
functional, do not appear
3 categories of S&S
somatic
cognitive
neurobehavioral
somatic S&S
headache nausea vomiting sensitivity to light and sound numbness or tinging balance/coordination issues
cognitive S&S
feeling slowed down
in a fog
difficulty concentrating or remembering
neurobehavioral S&S
sleeping more or trouble sleeping drowsiness fatigue sadness/depression nervousness irritable
11 R’s of concussion
Recognize Remove RE-evaluate rest rehab refer recovery return to sport return to play reconsider residual effects risk reduction
recognize what to do
sideline evaluation
- recognition fo injury
- assess symptoms
- cognitive function
- cranial nerve function
- balance
remove what to do
if concussion suspected, out of game
look for a c-spine injury
use SCAT5
keep a close eye on for the next few hours
re-evaluate what to do
in emergency room or doctors office:
- medical assessment with comprehensive medical history, thorough assessment of cognitive function, sleep/wake disturbance, ocular function, vestibular function, gait and balance
- determine clinic status, including any improvements/declines sine the injury
- determine need for emergent Neuroimaging to exclude any more serious brain injuries
rest what to do
physical and cognitive rest 24-48 hrs post concussion
then more activity, but must be sub symptoms threshold
rehab what to do
c spine injury peripheral or vestibular system psychological sub-symptom threshold exercise school accommodations less screen time
refer what is done
for ppl with persistent symptoms
collaborative approach to recovery for the patient
recovery what to do
functionally returns to school, work, sports, ADLs after injury
must have resolution of symptoms and clinically normal balance and function
return to sport steps
- limited daily actives the two not provoke symptoms
- light aerobic exercise, no resistance training
- sport specific exercise, no head impact
- non contact training drills, harder training drills, progressive return to resistance training
- full contact practice following medical clearance
restore confidence and assess functional skills - return to sport, normal game play
what should you do if symptoms occur during return to sport protocol
24-48 hrs rest, before beginning progression again
how long is each return to play step
24 hrs or more
return to play what to do
same at return to sport pretty much but now into full game play
reconsider what to do
all athletes managed using the same principle
childs and adolescents all the same
residual effects are
long term consequences of securing head trauma
CTE
risk reduction
pre participation PPE
prevention
education
what is secondary impact syndrome
when an athlete suffers a second head injury before the first has fully healed (still symptomatic)
why is second impact syndrome dangerous?
less force needed to cause a second injury
results of second impact syndrome
increased symptom severity, increased symptom duration, permanent brain damage, death
what is Rowan law
requires sport organization and school to have a removal from sport protocol, safety precaution, concussion code of conduct
concussion red flags
Headache worsen seizure unusually behaviour change repeated vomiting slurred speech significant irritability increasing confusion weakness/numbness in arms/legs can't recognize people or places
post concussion what is allowed during recovery/not allowed
limit mental and physical activity, limit screen time, avoid loud noises, no alcohol, no return to play until RTP followed and cleared by doctor
return to learn rules
slow integration back into school
modified duration fo day
modified School work, test, assignments
athlete must return to full school - priority over sport return
