Lab 10: Part 3 - Endocrine Histology and Blood Glucose Flashcards
True or false:
When looking at the PITUITARY GLAND under a microscope, the POSTERIOR PIT. GLAND is the darker side.
False, the pale side is the POSTERIOR PIT. GLAND
Remember, Posterior = Pale, P+P
What % of the PANCREAS is EXOCRINE tissue?
99%
Where can you find the ISLETS OF LANGERHANS?
In the PANCREAS
What could distinguish the ISLETS OF LANGERHANS from ACINAR CELLS when looking through a microscope?
The ISLETS are lighter
Remember, Langerhans = Lighter, L+L
Symptoms of HYPOGLYCEMIA?
1) Shaky/dizzy
2) Sweating
3) Hunger
4) irritability
5) anxiety
6) headache
Causes of HYPOGLYCEMIA?
1) Certain meds
2) Hepatitis
3) Kidney disorders
4) Tumor (excess INSULIN)
5) Endocrine disorders
Symptoms of HYPERGLYCEMIA?
1) Inc. thirst
2) Headaches
3) Trouble concentrating
4) Blurred vision
5) Frequent urination
6) Fatigue
7) Weight loss
Causes of HYPERGLYCEMIA?
Oh boy…there are just so many…
1) Blood sugar more than 180mg/dL
2) Insufficient INSULIN
3) Improper injection of INSULIN
4) Expired INSULIN
5) Incorrect diet for a diabetic
6) Being inactive
7) Illness or infection
8) Steroids
9) Certain meds
What is a normal non fasted BLOOD GLUCOSE range?
4.0 - 8.0 mmol/L
What is a normal fasted BLOOD GLUCOSE range?
3.5 - 6.0 mmol/L
What is the difference between type 1 and 2 diabetes?
Type 1 = Body unable to produce INSULIN
Type 2 = INSULIN produced but not used effectively, resistant
3 risk factors for developing type 2 diabetes?
1) Overweight or obese
2) Have an immediate family member with it
3) If you had gestational diabetes
Explain retinopathy
Affects - Eyes
Caused by - Damage to the BLOOD VESSELS of the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye (RETINA)
Explain nephropathy
Affects - The kidneys ability to remove waste products and extra fluid from the body
AKA: Diabetic Kidney Disease
Explain peripheral neuropathy
Affects - The peripheral nerves (arms/hands/legs/feet)
Caused by - Exposure to high BLOOD GLUCOSE levels over extended periods of time
