L9 Acquiring & using energy Flashcards
define metabolic rate
the chemical reactions to maintain life / rate at which animal consumes energy
identify factors that can influence metabolic rate
temp, season, body size, gender, food, activity
metabolism requires ____ & produces ___, ____, & ______
oxygen . . . ATP, H20, C02
what does BMR stand for?
basal metabolic rate / energy required to perform basic functions
compare poikilotherms/ectotherms to endotherms
ectotherms rely on environment while endotherms produce own body heat
compare homeotherms vs heterotherms
homeo - regulate body temp internally
hetero - regulate temp by modifying external conditions
compare thermoregulating vs nonthermoregulation ectotherms
thermoregulating regulate body temp with behaviours
torpor saves energy by reducing:
metabolic rate
heart rate
body temp
water loss
identify the 2 types of torpor
daily torpor (daily heterotherms)
prolonged torpor (hibernators)
define SDA
specific dynamic action, energy used in digestion, absorption & distribution of nutrients
identify & describe the 3 stages of metabolism
gastrointestinal tract - nutrients absorbed into blood
glycolysis - break down into molecules through catabolic pathway
citric acid cycle & oxidative phosphorylation - forming ATP
define bioenergetics
overall flow & transformation of energy in an animal, determines nutritional needs
compare autotrophs vs heterotrophs
auto - harvest light energy to build energy rich molecules for fuel
hetero - harvest chemical energy from food / other sources
define biosynthesis
energy generated by remaining food molecules for growth, repair, & producing gametes
compare indirect vs direct calorimetry
indirect - measuring o2 consumption & co2 production
direct - measuring heat loss
