L81: Reproduction 3 (Female continued...)

Question 1

XO

Answer 1

Turners

Question 2

Estrogen and progesterone therapy for XO will

Answer 2

stimulate closure of epiphyseal plates, terminate long bone growth. So, better to give GH first and delay 2ndary sex characteristics. Then proceed with estrogen and progesterone.

Question 3

Genetic information that regulate the rate of ovarian follicular atresia is carried on the long arm of the

Answer 3

X-chromosome

Question 4

In PCOS, follicles degenerate into cysts which secrete

Answer 4

Androgens

Question 5

Menstrual dysfunction, obesity, sleep apnea, hyperinsulinemia with insulin resistance, endometrial hyperplasia, increased cholesterol and TAG, acne, HTN, depression, Cushing’s-like symptoms…

Answer 5

Polycystic ovarian syndrome

Question 6

Oligomenorrhea and hirsutism suggest

Answer 6

hyperandrogenism

Question 7

Clomiphene

Answer 7

induces ovulation by binding estrogen receptors at the hypothalamus, lifting negative feedback and promoting GnRH secretion. This works in 70% of cases.

Note: clomiphene can cause repeat miscarriages

Question 8

This is often enough to restore fertility on PCOS

Answer 8

metformin