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MDSC404 B > L8: The Male Reproductive System > Flashcards

L8: The Male Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

4 sex and accessory organs

A

testes
Ductal
Accessory sex glands
Supporting structures (external genitalia)

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2
Q

Testes are found within the ______

A

scrotal sac

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3
Q

male repro ducts

A

epididymis, vas deferens, ejaculatory duct, urethra

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4
Q

Accessory glands

A

Seminal vesicles, prostate gland, bulbourethral gland

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5
Q

What are the 3 accessory glands?

A

Seminal vesicles
Prostate gland
Bulbourethral gland

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6
Q

The seminal vesicles have a ______ ph

A

alkaline

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7
Q

Where do the seminal vesicles empty into after the vas deferens empties the sperm?

A

ejaculatory duct

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8
Q

Prostoglandins prime the cervix and contract uterus and fallopian tubes to propel sperm. Prostoglandins can be wither

A

dialotory, constrictive

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9
Q

The prostate gland secretes

A

milky, slightly acidic fluid

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10
Q

What does prostate gland milky, slightly acidic fluid contain? 5

A

-citric acid (for ATP production of sperm)
-clotting enzymes
-proteolytic enzymes
-seminalplasmin
-acid phosphatase

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11
Q

What contributes 60% of semen?

A

Seminal vesicle fluid

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12
Q

What is 25% of semen?

A

Prostate gland fluid

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13
Q

What is another name for the bulbourethral glands

A

Cowper’s glands

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14
Q

What type of fluid does the bulbourethral gland secrete?

A

an alkaline fluid that neutralizes the acidic environment
-mucus to lubricate urethral lining and protect sperm

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15
Q

Semen contains ____ (%) plus fluids from the ______ (%)

A

sperm (10%)
3 accessory glands (90%)

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16
Q

Semen is sticky because of what gland?

A

Cowper’s

17
Q

Fluid and sperm from ____ combine with fluids from accessory organs

A

vas deferens

18
Q

What contributes the major volume of fluid to the semen?

A

Seminal vesicles

19
Q

HPtesticular axis

A
20
Q

Leydig cells

A

LH production which stimulates testosterone

21
Q

Sertoli cells

A

Inhibin

22
Q

What is the nuclei in the HPTest axis?

A

Arcuate

23
Q

What do you require to create estradiol from testosterone?

A

P450 aromatase

24
Q

What do you require to make DHT from testosterone?

A

5a-reductase

25
Q

What cells produce testosterone?

A

Leydig cells

26
Q

What are the 4 functions of testosterone/DHT?

A

Fetal development
Testicular descension
Pubertal enlargement of sexual organs (DHT)
Secondary characteristics
Body hair, muscle mass, skin thickness

27
Q

What is the smallest cell in the human body?

A

sperm cell

28
Q

Acrosome formed from golgi apparatus and contains _____ to ___

A

enzymes to penetrate ovum

29
Q

What is the normal pH of semen?

A

7-8 (slightly alkaline)

30
Q

_____ ____ surround the sperm cells inside tubular fluid (protecting ____)

A

Cholesterol vesicles, acrosome

31
Q

Once ejaculated, sperm can survive ____ days and ____

A

3-5 days, 37.5C

32
Q

Sperm cells remain inhibited until activated by

A

bodily fluids (capacitation)

33
Q

What are the 3 disorders of the male repro system

A

Hypogonadism (hypothalamic eunichism)
Cryptochordism (testicular descension)
Erectile dysfunction

34
Q

Hypogonadism

A

Decrease in testosterone
Infantile sex organs
Cause: Decrease in GnRH often associated with eating disorders

35
Q

What is the treatment for hypogonadism

A

Replace GnRH and testosterone

36
Q

Cryptochidism

A

Absence of one or both testes from the scrotum

37
Q

Treatment for crytorchidism

A

Normal descension occurs within 2-3 months

38
Q

Erectile dysfunction

A

Occurs in 50% of adult males 40-70 years
Related to stress, drug use, or onset or pathophysiology (DM)
Treated with drugs that target NO pathway

MDSC404 B (9 decks)

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