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MDSC404 B > L7: The endocrine pancreas > Flashcards

L7: The endocrine pancreas Flashcards

1
Q

Exocrine

A

Secrete substances through ducts from acinar cells (GIT epitheliun)

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2
Q

Endocrine - secrete hormones directly into _____

A

bloodstream

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3
Q

The pancreas receives both _____ and _____ innervation

A

sympathetic - fight or flight
parasympathetic - rest and digest

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4
Q

Delta cells secretes

A

somatostatin

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5
Q

Alpha cells secretes

A

glucagon

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6
Q

Beta cells secretes

A

insulin and amylin

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7
Q

Insulin and amylin are secreted by

A

Beta cells

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8
Q

Glucagon is secreted by

A

alpha cells

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9
Q

Somatostatin is secreted by

A

delta cells

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10
Q

F cells secrete

A

pancreatic polypeptide

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11
Q

Insulin and _____ have antagonistic effects on blood _____

A

glucagon, glucose

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12
Q

Preproinsulin -> ______ -> insulin

A

proinsulin

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13
Q

Glucose stimulates _____ from __ cells

A

insulin, Beta

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14
Q

What is the major insulin-responsive transporter?

A

GLUT 4

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15
Q

Insulin is produced by pancreatic __ cells

A

beta

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16
Q

What is the main stimulus of insulin

A

Increased glucose

17
Q

Who discovered insulin?

A

Frederick Banting
John McLeod

18
Q

Glucagon ____ with an increase in blood glucose

A

decreases

19
Q

Preproglucagon -> ____ -> glucagon

A

proglucagon

20
Q

Glucagon is produced by pancreatic _ cells

A

alpha

21
Q

What is the main stimulus of glucagon

A

Low glucose

22
Q

Glucagon binds to glucagon receptors on _____

A

hepatocytes

23
Q

What does glucagon promote?

A

release of glucose

24
Q

3 disorders of the pancreas

A

DM T1/2
Gestational diabetes
Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumour

25
Q

Type 1 DM

A

Autoimmune destruction of B cells
Dependent on insulin
8.4% globally (onset=10-14)

26
Q

Type 2 DM

A

Insulin resistance
Normal or increased insulin
May require insulin to control hyperglycemia

27
Q

Gestational diabetes

A

Disorder of pregnacy
Usually presents on repeat pregnancies
Altered glucose tolerance
Increased risk for mothers to have type 2 DM later in life

28
Q

Pancreatic neuroendocrine Tumor (PNET)

A

A PNET can be benign or malignant
Insulinoma, glucagonoma, gastrinoma
Treatment: meds and/or surgery

MDSC404 B (9 decks)

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