L8/9-Oral Ecology & BioFilm All mixed together Flashcards
As long as these normal flora, bacterial biofilms are fed well and maintained properly what can be the outcome?
generally little problem
Basic Biofim Properties: complex ______ & ______ community of different microorganisms.
cooperating & competing
Basic Biofim Properties: Microorganisms are arranged by micro colonies that are attached together by protective ______.
matrix
Microorganisms in biofilms are more resistant to _______, _________, and _________.
antibiotics, antimicrobials, and host responses
What are the dominant bugs in biofilm plaque, even after some time and growth of the plaque?
Strep and Actinomyces
The increased inflammatory materials (e.g., FMLP, cell wall products, and probably most importantly ____) around the gingival crevice causes, at first, gingivitis and eventually a pseudo- pocket and then real pockets with the increased growth of gram-negative organisms, best suited for the ______, ______, ________ environment of the deeper pockets.
LPS…anaerobic, CO2 rich, asaccharolytic
What are the two main things normal flora compete and cooperate for?
Space and Nutrition
What are three traits of normal flora?
Site specific 2.difficult to clear 3.tend to recolonize
What is an interesting role of normal flora that is related to bleeding?
Normal Flora synthesize Vitamin K! No vit k, no clotting yo
What are the first two bugs to colonize a new baby if a vaginal birth has occurred?
Yeast (candida albicans) and Lactobacillus
What are the two main bugs to access a new baby once family starts kissing it?
Streptococcus Salivans (kissing)….Bacteriodes (fecal/anal transmission)
What is the event that changes microbial colonization in the baby? What are the 2 new bugs to take advantage?
Eruption of the teeth! Creates multiple sites for different colonies to form….1.Strep Sanguinis 2.Strep Mutans
What specific event catalyzes S. Mutans to colonize?
the eruption of the 2nd Molars!
Why does bacteria recolonize quickly even after a professional cleaning?
S. Salivarius and others are hanging out on the tongue and soft tissues and they go right back to where they were before the cleaning
Which is dependent on enamel surface? Which is not so dependent?–>S. Mutans vs S. Salivarius.
S. Mutans is dependent on the enamel surface…S. Salivarius is not
In general, Gram ___ bacteria are going to reside in the saliva, tongue, and supra gingival areas vs Gram ___ that will hang out in sub gingival areas.
G + supra…G - sub G
What are the two most common morphologies of supra gingival bacteria?
Cocci and branched Rods
What are the two most common morphologies of sub gingival bacteria?
rods and spirochetes
What is the oxygen relationship of supra gingival bacteria?
facultative & some anaerobes
What is the oxygen relationship of sub gingival bacteria?
facultative and mostly anaerobes
What is the energy source of supra gingival bacteria?
Carbs!
What is the energy source of sub gingival bacteria?
Protein
Which is more attached/adhered to the tooth, supra or sub gingival bacteria?
supra-firmly adhered to plaque…sub-adherence less pronounced
What diseases are associated with supra gingival bacteria?
Caries & Gingivits
What diseases are associated with sub gingival bacteria?
Gingivitis & Periodontitis…NO caries!!!!
What pH is associated with Supra Gingival bacteria? Why?
slightly acidic (in the 6’s)…c/o carb food–>acid waste
What pH is associated with Sub Gingival bacteria? Why?
slightly basic (in the 7’s)…c/o protein food–>sulfur/nitrogen waste
Dental plaque is a ______.
biofilm
Dr. Harold ___ developed a model to study the effects of poor oral hygiene (i.e. ‘not mowing the lawn’) and found that an ______ in anaerobic forms and rods, as well as an _______ total bacterial mass, which correlated with the appearance of _______. This was _______ after 21 days.
Loe….Increase….increase…gingivitis…REVERSABLE!
In Dr. Loe’s model: what happens to aerobic bacteria amount at the end of 21 days?
It declines pretty substantially
In Dr. Loe’s model: What happens to the amount of anaerobic bacteria after the 21 days?
Major increase
In Dr. Loe’s model: what happens to facultative bugs over the 21 days?
a more mild decline
In Dr. Loe’s model: What happens to the total amount of bugs over the 21 days? What happens to them on day 22 with brushing?
exponential increase…go away after brushing :)
As plaque increases in complexity and density, a ‘_______’ develops, where some bacterial end products provide the ________ or ________ beneficial for other bacteria.
‘food chain’…substrate or conditions
What are the three substrates and or conditions for the pioneer bacteria on the tooth?
O2, CHO, Saliva
What is the nickname for the bacteria that displace the pioneers?
‘vigilante flora’
So the S. Mutans and the Actinomyces produce lactate…Who is hooking a brother up by consuming that lest it rots the enamel? (2 bug types)… What do they produce?
Veillonella and Neisseria….Acetate and Formate (which then feed the bad guys…thanks for notin’)
Now that our pioneer colony has been displaced and bad guys are starting to roll in SUB G…. What is the ecological term used for the system at hand? Review: what are the main two groups of bacteria here?
‘Climax Community’…Gram - rod and spirochetes
What is the Vitamin K precursor made by Veillonella and then used as fuel for Sub G bacteria?
Men-a-di-one
What are the three bad smelling products of the Sub G bacteria?
Thiamine, putrescine, and isobutyrate
