L7-Fungi

Question 1

What helps a fungi bind? What part of the host does it bind to?

Answer 1

lectin binds to host’s fibronectin

Question 2

Why might some parts of our immune system have trouble against fungi? What are the specific parts affected?

Answer 2

Fungi’s excretions destroy antibodies and complement system

Question 3

What is the main target of antibiotics to a fungal cell? What are the 2 main antibiotics used here?

Answer 3

The ERGOSTEROL component of their cell wall….Az-Oles=stop ergosterol production….and….Poly-enes=make pores in the membrane

Question 4

What is the chitin wall made of?

Answer 4

beta 1,4 N-AGM

Question 5

What are the 7 Fungal Pathologies?

Answer 5

1.MycoToxicoses 2.Hypersensativities 3.Superficial Mycoses 4.Cutaneous Mycoses 5.Subcutanueos Mycoses 6.Systemic Mycoses 7.Opportunistic mycoses

Question 6

Are mycotoxicoses common or rare? What is happening?

Answer 6

these are rare, it is ingestion of fungal toxins/poisons

Question 7

Are hypersensativities common or rare? What are the two examples given and what type of hypersensitivity reactions are they?

Answer 7

They are COMMON…..Hay Fever & Asthma=Type I(IgE)….Contact Dermatits=Type IV (Cell mediated)

Question 8

Is Superficial mycoses common or rare? What is happening here?

Answer 8

Common, just the fungi on our skin and hair…no immune resonse

Question 9

What is the most common of the fungal pathologies? where is it happening on the body?

Answer 9

Cutaneous Mycoses…Skin and Nails

Question 10

What is cutaneous mycoses caused by? What are the 3 species underneath that main cause?

Answer 10

DERMATOPHYTES….Trichophyton, MicoSporum, EpiderMoPhyTon

Question 11

Are subcutaneous mycoses common or rare? How are they brought about?

Answer 11

Rare…Fungi/Spores introduced via wounds (Joplin, MO tornado example)

Question 12

Is Systemic Mycoses rare or common? What is going on here?

Answer 12

Rareish….Lung Infections, like TB..Geographic (valley fever)

Question 13

What are the 4 opportunistic mycoses from most common to most rare?

Answer 13

1.Candidiasis (oral/vaginal) 2.Cryptococcus (bird poo, lung infect) 3.Aspergillosis (Soil to lungs) 4.Pneumocystis (soil, lung infections in AIDS pt)

Question 14

What is the #1 culprit for candadiasis? What are the three areas it manifests?

Answer 14

Candida Albicans…1.Oral…2.Esophageal…3.Vaginal

Question 15

What is the main predisposing factor for Candidiasis?

Answer 15

Lowered immunity! (infants, elderly, other sickness, catheter)

Question 16

When looking at Candida which is more acidic: yeast or mold?

Answer 16

Yeast (single cell) is more acidic

Question 17

Which is more common, mold or yeast?

Answer 17

Mold (hyphae=mycelium)

Question 18

What % of ‘sick’ people will carry Candida?

Answer 18

40%

Question 19

What % of infants carry candida? Normal adults?

Answer 19

50% infants….20% adults

Question 20

Which immune cell opens capillary beds, recruits phagocytic cells, increases epithelial sloughing and increased exudate drainage? What does it do all this with?

Answer 20

T helper 1 cells….by secreting Cytokines

Question 21

What is the oral manifestation of candidaiasis? What color? Which immune cells get up IN this structure!

Answer 21

Pseudomembrane…COTTAGE CHEESE WHITE in color…PMNs

Question 22

What are the 4 primary oral candidiasis infections?

Answer 22

1. Actue Pseudomembranous 2.Erythematous 3.Chronic Hyperplastic 4.Chronic Mucocutaneous

Question 23

Which oral candidiasis is associated with ‘denture mouth’?

Answer 23

Chronic Atrophic Erythematous