L8 Flashcards
1
Q
what is a psychological disorder? (dysfunction)
A
- Psychological breakdown in functioning
- dysfunction in the following areas:- cognitive
- behavioral
- emotional
2
Q
what is a psychological disorder? (personal + response)
A
- personal distress or impairment
- individual vs others (statistical norm/majority)
- appropriateness to situation (social norm/ convention)
- degree of impairment- frequency
- duration
- severity (intensity)
- response is atypical or culturally not expected
- harmful dysfunction
3
Q
definition of a=psychological disorder
A
- an accepted definition:
“ DSM-5 describes behavioral, psychological, or biological dysfunctions that are unexpected in their cultural context and associated with present distress and impairment in functioning, or increased risk of suffering, death, pain or impairment.
4
Q
Diagnostic and Statistical mandual
A
- DSM-5
- prototypes or typical profiles
- dimensional estimates of severity of specific disorders
5
Q
science of psychopathology
A
- psychopathology: the scientific study psychological disorders
- conducted by these practitioners
- no need to remember - focus
- clinical description
- causation (etiology)
- treatment and outcome
6
Q
scientist-practitioner model
A
- practice (treatment delivery) and research mutually influence each other
- as a scientist-practitioner
- stays current with research in field (consumer of science)
- evaluates own assessment and treatment (evaluator of science)
- conducts research (creator of science)
7
Q
clinical description (4 categories)
A
- course
- acute, chronic, episodic, seasonal - symptom
- reported discomforts from patients - onset
- early vs late
4.prognosis
- good vs bad
8
Q
clinical description (age of onset)
A
- age of onset may shape presentation
- developmental psychology: the study of changes in behavior over time
- developmental psychopathology: the study of changes in abnormal behavior over time
- life-span developmental psychopathology includes not just childhood and adolescence, but adulthood and old age
9
Q
risk factors, treatments, and outcomes
A
- etiology
- what contributes to the development of psychopathology - treatment development
- how can we help alleviate psychological suffering?
- includes pharmacological, psychosocial, and/or combined treatments
10
Q
stereotype of psychological disorders
A
- psychological disorders are incurable?
- most of the psychological disorder can be treated successfully
- the recovery model - people with psychological disorders are often violent and dangerous?
- only a modest association
- normal people can also be violent under the influence of substance use - they behave in bizarre ways
- true only in a small minority of cases, usually involve relatively severe disorder
11
Q
an integrated recovery-oriented model (IRM) for mental health serveices evolution and challenges
A
- remediation + restoration + reconnection -> person
12
Q
anxiety-related disorders (overview and types)
A
- overview
- feelings of excessive fear and anxiety
- excessive avoidance tendency - types ( classification in DSM-IV-TR)
- generalized anxiety order
- panic disorder
- phobic disorder/phobia
- obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
- post-traumatic stress disorders (PTSD)
13
Q
generalized anxiety disorder
A
- generalized anxiety disorder
- individual feels anxious and worried most of the time without specific threat or danger
- free-floating anxiety
14
Q
panic disorder
A
- panic disorder
- characterized by recurrent panic attacks of overwhelming anxiety that usually occur suddenly and unexpectedly
15
Q
phobic disorder / phobia
A
- phobic disorder / phobia
- persistent, excessive, and irrational fear of a specific object or situation that mat have no realistic dangers
- the phobic situation is avoided or else is endured with intense anxiety or distress
- prevalence rate~ 7-13%