L6: Microbial Community Assembly

Question 1

What are ways to distinguish habitats

Answer 1

1. whole community measures (rainforest, tundra)
2. names of species (fish, sharks)
3. charactersitc features/ common adaptations (rodents, cacti)

Question 2

What are 3 types of diversity

Answer 2

1. alpha diversity: diveristy in single site measured in richness
2. beta diversty: diversty among sites of same type measure distance based
3. gamma diveristy: among different landscapes

Question 3

Functional diversity

Answer 3

functional: many species capable of performing same function. species rich ≠ functionally diverse
taxonomic

Question 4

Define community assembly

Answer 4

processes that shape idenity + abundance of species within ecological communities

Question 5

How is the prescence of species viewed

Answer 5

through environmental filters

Question 6

Name + Define 4 environmental filters

Answer 6

species pool: species must be physically presenter in broader enviornment

dispersal: must be able to disperse into specific habitat

environmental filter: must be able to survive in condition of new microhabitat

interaction filter: must be able to surive competitive/antagonistic interactions with other species

Question 7

Define deterministic environments

Answer 7

species you can expect every time, common with extreme habitats, strong environmental filters

Question 8

Defne stochastic environments

Answer 8

weak environmental filters, harder to predict species, common

Question 9

How does habitat heterogenety affect assembly

Answer 9

• spatially hetergoenous habitats with a lot of diversity impose variable selection whereby communites are more diverse => scholastic assembly
• spatially homogenous habitats impose homogenous selection where communities are less diverse => deterministic

Question 10

How is community structure measures

Answer 10

1. phylogenetic clustering: species are more closey related than expected because of strong environmetal filter
2. phylogentic dispersion: species are less closely related => weak environmental filter

Question 11

Name 3 microbial biomes

Answer 11

1. terrestial
2. aquatic
3. marine

Question 12

What characteristics best seperates microbes in biomes

Answer 12

Oxidoreductases- e- donor + acceptors

Question 13

Free living vs host associated

Answer 13

independat of host vs anmal associated (guy, rizosphere)

Question 14

Discuss alpha diversity in free living microbial diveristy

Answer 14

soil + sediment:
* species rich, heterogenous, many ED + EA

water
* intermediate level, some diveristy but homogenous in site level

air
* least species rich, some diversity in ED, EA, very dispersed

Question 15

Discuss Beta Diversity in free living microbiomes

Answer 15

sediments + fresh water
* can be very diverse, high variation among sites

soil
* lower among site
* highly heterogenous but consistant among similar sites

Marine + air
* least variation among habitats
* highly homogenous

is this comparing seident vs air or different sediments, different air