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Y3R2 - Toxicology ☠️ > L6: CO > Flashcards

L6: CO Flashcards

1
Q

Def of simple Asphyxiants

A
  • Gases that displace oxygen from air and reduce the partial pressure of available oxygen.
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2
Q

Examples of simple Asphyxiants

A
  • Carbon dioxide
  • Nitrogen
  • Butane
  • Methane
  • Helium
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3
Q

Def of Respiratory Irritants

A
  • Gases that damage respiratory tract by destroying integrity of
    mucosa.
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4
Q

Examples of Respiratory Irritants

A
  • Ammonia
  • Chloramine
  • Chlorine
  • Formaldehyde
  • Hydrogen sulfide
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5
Q

Sources of CO

A
  • Incomplete combustion of any form of fuel (petrol, wood, charcoal, gas, kerosene).
  • Motor vehicles exhaust.
  • Fires
  • Tobacco smoke
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5
Q

Examples of Systemic Asphyxiants

A
  • Carbon Monoxide
  • Cyanide
  • Smoke.
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5
Q

Def of Systemic Asphyxiants

A

Gases with systemic toxicity.

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6
Q

Characters of CO

A
  • Carbon monoxide (CO) is an odorless, colorless, tasteless & non-irritant gas, Making it difficult to detect in environment (The silent or invisible killer).
  • CO is formed during incomplete combustion (due to oxygen lack) of any carbon containing compound.
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7
Q

(Normal plasma CO level)

A

(Normal plasma CO level 1-5% but up to 10% in smokers).

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8
Q

Distribution of CO

A
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9
Q

Elimination of CO

A
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10
Q

Toxic Action of CO

A
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11
Q

What does the clinical picture of CO toxicity depend on?

A
  • Depends on % of CO saturation of blood.
  • Symptoms are not noticeable until 20% saturation of hemoglobin occurs.
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11
Q

what are the most sensitive organs to CO Toxicity?

A

Brain and heart (brain > heart).

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11
Q

Clinical picture of mild CO toxicity

A
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11
Q

CP of moderate CO toxicity

12
Q

CP of Severe CO toxicity

13
Q

What is the permanent neurological sequale of CO Toxicity?

13
Q

CO poisoning in pregnant women

13
Q

Dx of CO Toxicity

14
Q

TTT aspects of CO Toxicity

A
  • Stop exposure and emergency
  • Antidote
  • Symptomatic treatment
15
Q

Antidote in CO Toxicity

A

Oxygen and hyperbaric oxygen (HBO)

16
Q

Oxygen as antidote in CO Toxicity

17
Q

Indications of Hyperbaric Oxygen in CO Toxicity

18
Q

Mechanism of HBO in CO Toxicity

19
Q

Symptomatic TTT of CO Toxicity

20
Q

what is Smoke?

A

Smoke is of a gas phase and a particle phase from the combustion of any organic matter.

21
Q

what does the exact composition of Smoke depend on?

A

material burnt

22
Q

CP of Smoke Toxicity

23
Q

Dx of Smoke Toxicity

24
Q

TTT of Smoke Toxicity

Y3R2 - Toxicology ☠️ (15 decks)

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