Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Y3R2 - Toxicology ☠️ > L5: Paracetamol > Flashcards

L5: Paracetamol Flashcards

1
Q

Origin of Paracetamol

A
  • Synthetic non opiate derivative of p-amino phenol (N-acetyl-p-amino phenol NAPAP) or (Acetaminophen)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

uses of Paracetamol

A
  • Analgesic & anti pyretic properties but with no or weak anti-inflammatory criteria.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is a major metabollite for acetanilide & Phenacetin?

A

Paracetamol?

(causes Met HB)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Preparations of Paracetamol

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Toxic action of Paracetamol in therapeutic doses

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Toxic action of Paracetamol in toxic overdoses

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Manner of poisoning by Paracetamol

A
  • Accidental in children
  • Suicidal (very common)
  • Never homicidal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what are substances that delay gastric emptying?

A
  • anticholinergics
  • Antihistamines
  • Anti depressants
  • Antipsychotics
  • Antiparkinsonian
  • Anticonvulsants
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Absorbtion of Paracetamol

A
  • Rapidly absorbed,
  • But may delay in cases of SR Proparation, by Other drugs and high carbohydrate foods
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Distribution of Paracetamol

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Metabolism of Paracetamol

A

95% metabolized by the liver.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

excretion of Paracetamol

A

5% excreted unchanged in the kidney.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the toxic dose of Paracetamol?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

CP of Paracetamol toxicity

A
  • Stage I (0-24 hours): “GIT upset stage”
  • Stage Il: (1-2 Days): “Asymptomatic Stage”
  • Stage III: (3-5 days): “Hepatic Stage”
  • Stage IV: (5 days - 2 weeks): “Recovery Stage”
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Stage II of Paracetamol toxicity

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Stage 1 of Paracetamol toxicity

A
  • Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, pallor & malaise.
  • Symptoms subside and the patient may appear normal
15
Q

Stage III of Paracetamol toxicity

16
Q

Stage IV of Paracetamol toxicity

A
  • Normalization of the liver function tests begins about 8 days post-ingestion
  • Hepatic architecture returns to normal within 3 months.
17
Q

Investigations for Paracetamol toxicity

A
  • Plasma Acetaminophen Level
  • Liver function tests
  • Renal Functions Tests
18
Q

plasma acetaminophen level in Paracetamol toxicity

19
Q

Liver Function tests in Paracetamol toxicity

20
Q

Renal Function Tests in Paracetamol toxicity

A

In cases of Evidence of renal damage “Proteinuria, Phosphaturia”.

21
Q

TTT aspects of Paracetamol toxicity

A
  • Emergency and supportive measures
  • Decontamination
  • Antidote
  • Enhanced Elimination
22
Q

Emergency & Supportive TTT of Paracetamol toxicity

A
  • Treatment of Shock, Hypotension & Arrhythmia.
23
Decontamination of **Paracetamol toxicity**
- Gastric Lavage - Activated Charcoal
24
Gastric Lavage in **Paracetamol toxicity**
- If large ingestion of paracetamol & presented within 1 hour - Or in concomitant ingestion of drugs which delay Gl absorption.
25
Activated Charcoal in **Paracetamol toxicity**
If <4 hours from ingestion: - Administer as a single dose 1g/kg orally or nasogastric tube. - Does not advorsely affoct oral N-acetylcystein (NAC) efficacy.
26
Antidote in **Paracetamol toxicity**
N-Acetylcystein 20%
27
Indications of N-Acetylcystein 20% in **Paracetamol toxicity**
- The first choice, it is best given within 8 hours. - Indicated for toxic levels of paracetamol. - Do not delay antidote therapy for lack of a paracetamol level.
28
Mechanism of **NAC**
- Increase synthesis of glutathione. - Increase conversion to sulfate metabolite. - Decrease conversion to toxic intermediates.
28
oral doses of N-Acetylcystein in **Paracetamol toxicity**
29
IV infusion of N-Acetylcystein in **Paracetamol toxicity**
30
SE of oral antidote in **Paracetamol toxicity**
- Nausea, vomiting &diarrhea. - Extremely offensive sulfur odor.
31
SE of IV infusion of antidote in **Paracetamol toxicity**
- Infravenous anaphylactoid reaction (treaf with ontihistamines, epinephrine). - Isolated effects include 1. Flushing 2. Pruritus 3. Angioedema 4. Bronchospasm 5. Tachycardia 6. Hypotension.
32
Enhanced Elimination in **Paracetamol toxicity**
**Hemedialysis & Hemoperlusion** **Iodicated in selested patisot with:** * Plasma level > 1000 microgram/ml * Hypersensitivity to NAC * Renal failure > 48 h
33
Supportive therapy for liver in **Paracetamol toxicity**
34
what are groups at high risk of **Paracetamol toxicity**?

Y3R2 - Toxicology ☠️ (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions