L12: Food Poisoning & Botulism

Question 1

Def of Food Poisoning

Answer 1

• Food poisoning comes from eating food or drinking water that is contaminated with a virus, bacterium, parasite, or chemical causing illness.

Question 2

Another name of Food Poisoning

Answer 2

also called gastroenteritis.

Question 3

Characters of Food Poisoning

Answer 3

• It may affect one person or a group of people who ate the same thing (called an outbreak).
• Time between the ingestion of suspected food and onset of symptoms helps to diagnose the cause.
• It is mainly manifested by nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain.
• Treatment is mainly symptomatic with control of hypotension and dehydration

Question 4

TTT of Food Poisoning

Answer 4

mainly symptomatic with control of hypotension and dehydration

Question 5

manifestations of Food Poisoning

Answer 5

manifested by nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain.

Question 6

Causes of Food Poisoning

Answer 6

• Endogenous Food Poisoning
• Chemical Food Poisoning
• Infectious Food Poisoning

Question 7

Endogenous Food Poisoning

Answer 7

Question 8

Chemical Food Poisoning

Answer 8

Question 9

Infectious Food Posioning

Answer 9

Question 10

Parasitic Infectious Food Posioning

Answer 10

• E. histolytica
• Giardia Lambia.

Question 11

Bacterial Infectious Food Posioning

Answer 11

• As Staphylococcus aureus (I.P 1 - 12 h) T
• As Salmonella (I.P 12-72 h).
• As E. coli (I.P 12-72 h)
• As Clostridium botulinum (I.P 18-36 h)

Question 12

Fungal Infectious Food Posioning

Answer 12

• Aspergillus species that produce aflatoxins & ochratoxins → “present in nuts, cereals, coffee & rice”.

Question 13

Def of Botulism

Answer 13

Botulism is a paralytic infectious disease caused by ciostridium botulinum toxin, which produces life-threatening muscle paralysis.

Question 14

Manefistations of Botulism in brief

Answer 14

Botulism is mainly manifested by bilateral symmotrical descending paralysis

Question 15

Dx of Botulism in brief

Answer 15

Mainly diagnosed clinically.

Question 16

Botulism is a case of ICU admission

Answer 16

..

Question 17

Manin Line of TTT of Botulism

Answer 17

Anti-botulinum antibodies is the main line of treatment

Question 18

Characters of Clostridium botulinum

Answer 18

Question 19

what is the commonest botulinum neurotoxin?

Answer 19

A, B, C, and E

Question 20

Mode of posioning by botulism (Types of botulism)

Answer 20

Question 21

Toxic action in botulism

Answer 21

Question 22

Infant botulism

Answer 22

• The toxin is produced by the organism in the immature gastrointestinal tract (Gl).
• Honey may contain botulinum toxin spores and be the source of toxin.

Question 23

CP of Food-borne Botulism

Answer 23

Question 24

IP in Food-borne Botulism

Answer 24

An incubation period of 18-36 hours (up to 8 days) may occur.

Question 25

Early Signs in **Food-borne Botulism**

Answer 25

**Dry mouth, difficulty in swallowing** - due to bulbar muscle weakness. **Blurred vision:** - due to involvement of cranial nerves, especially abducent (VI) and oculomotor (III) nerves.

Question 26

Late signs in **Food-borne Botulism**

Answer 26

- Descending symmetrical weakness and paralysis with intact mentation - Respiratory muscle weakness and failure, cardiac arrest may occur

Question 27

CP of **Infant Botulism**

Answer 27

Question 28

Characters of ****wound Botulism****

Answer 28

- Symptoms as those of food borne botulism without gastro- intestina! symptoms. - It commonly occurs with deep contaminated wounds. - Incubation period of 4-14 days.

Question 29

Investigations of **Botulism**

Answer 29

Question 30

DDx of **Botulism**

Answer 30

Question 31

TTT of **Botulism**

Answer 31

- Emergency and supportive measures - Decontamination - Antidote - Symptomatic TTT

Question 32

Emergency & Supportive TTT of **Botulism**

Answer 32

- Treatment should focus on airway management and supportive care. - It is a case for intensive care unit admission - Endotracheol intubation should be performed when any signs of respiratory failure or pulmonary aspiration develop.

Question 33

Decontamination in **Botulism**

Answer 33

Question 34

what is the antidote of choice in **Botulism**?

Answer 34

- Equine botulism immunoglobulin (heptavalent-equine) - Human botulism immunoglobulin

Question 35

**Equine botulism immunoglobulin (heptavalent-equine)** - Indications - CI - Dose - Side effects

Question 36

Uses of **Human botulism immunoglobulin**

Answer 36

It may be useful in infant botulism.

Question 37

Symptomatic TTT of **Botulism**

Answer 37

- Antiemetics - IV fluid - Anclgesics