L5 Resp system

Question 1

Which species have a nasal plate as part of their nasal integument

Answer 1

carnivore & small ruminants

Question 2

Which species have a nasolabial plate as part of their nasal integument

Answer 2

Cows

Question 3

Which species have a rostral plate as part of their nasal integument

Answer 3

pig (rostral bone)

Question 4

What is significant about the nasal vestibule in the horse

Answer 4

The narrow passage into the nasal cavity demarcates the mucocutaneous junction (site of the nasolacrimal duct) and has dorsal and ventral parts.

Also the site of the dorsal nasal diverticulum (false nostril). Ventral is true nostril

Question 5

What is the caudal most aspect of the nasal cavity?

Answer 5

the ethmoidal bone

Question 6

What is the choana

Answer 6

the opening through which air passes from the nasal cavity into the nasopharynx.

Allows the nasal cavity to communicate with the nasopharynx.

Question 7

Describe the nasal glands in a carnivore

Answer 7

serous glands with a duct opening at the lateral nasal wall. Only evident in carnivores

Question 8

Describe the nasolacrimal duct

Answer 8

Drains tears from the eyes to the rostral part of the nasal cavity.

Their proximal opening originates at the medial canthus of the eye, and drains distally at the nasal vestibule

Question 9

What are the roles of the paranasal sinuses

Answer 9

lighten skull
thermal and mechanical protection of soft tissues
resonance of voice

Question 10

Describe the position and drainage of the frontal sinuses

Answer 10

*forehead.

drain into the ethmoid region, except in the horse.

Question 11

Describe the position and drainage of the maxillary sinuses

Answer 11

communicate with the nasal cavity through the nasomaxillary opening

Question 12

What is special about the sinuses of a horse?

Answer 12

Frontal sinus doesn’t drain into the ethmoid region, rather into the maxillary sinuses.

It extends to the dorsal concha

Maxillary sinuse contains upper cheek teeth roots.

Is divided into rostral and canal divisions

Question 13

How can you tell the location of the sinuses by the landmarks on a horse head

Answer 13

frontal sinus most “superficial”. Deeper are the rostral and caudal compartments of the maxillary sinus that extend about until the facial crest, stopping at medial eye. Whereas frontal sinus projects further caudally beyond eye up forehead.

Question 14

What is a cere

Answer 14

soft keratinised tissues on a bird beak

Question 15

Do birds have a soft palate

Answer 15

no

Question 16

Do birds have a nasopharynx

Answer 16

no

Question 17

what is in place of a soft palate and nasopharynx in a bird

Answer 17

an elongated medial choana that closes during swallowing

Question 18

Describe the sinuses of a bird

Answer 18

infraorbital sinus, which is a diverticulum enclosed by caudal concha

Question 19

Describe the nasal glands of birds

Answer 19

located in the lateral wall of the nasal cavity.. secretes sodium in marine birds.