l4 - stanton (2009) Flashcards
- What is implicit power motivation (nPow)?
➡ A non-conscious drive to have an impact on others and to derive pleasure from influence or dominance.
- What is the relationship between implicit power motivation and hormones?
➡ Hormones such as testosterone, cortisol, estradiol, and catecholamines play a role in dominance behaviors associated with nPow.
- Why do hormonal correlates matter in understanding motivation?
➡ Hormones influence the persistence, intensity, and consequences of power-motivated behavior.
- How is testosterone related to power motivation?
➡ Higher baseline testosterone is associated with greater dominance motivation and status-seeking behaviors.
- How does testosterone change in response to power-related situations?
✅ Winning a dominance contest → Testosterone increases, reinforcing power motivation.
✅ Losing a dominance contest → Testosterone decreases, leading to lower dominance motivation.
How does cortisol interact with power motivation?
Cortisol is the stress hormone, and its levels fluctuate based on power-related successes or failures.
What happens to cortisol in power-motivated individuals?
✅ Winning → Cortisol decreases, reducing stress and reinforcing dominance motivation.
✅ Losing → Cortisol increases, leading to stress and decreased motivation for dominance.
How does cortisol affect testosterone in dominance situations?
➡ High cortisol inhibits testosterone, making individuals less likely to engage in dominance behaviors.
- How does power frustration impact cortisol levels?
➡ If a power-motivated individual is denied dominance, cortisol spikes, leading to stress and possible withdrawal.
. How does estradiol relate to power motivation in women?
In women, estradiol plays a similar role to testosterone in men, influencing dominance motivation.
What happens to estradiol levels after dominance contests?
✅ Winning → Estradiol increases, reinforcing power motivation.
✅ Losing → Estradiol decreases, reducing dominance-seeking behaviors.
- Why is estradiol important in power motivation research?
➡ Research suggests that women’s dominance behaviors are more strongly linked to estradiol than to testosterone.
What are catecholamines, and how do they relate to power motivation?
➡ Catecholamines include epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine, which are released during dominance situations.
How do catecholamines respond to power motivation?
✅ Power arousal → Increases catecholamines, boosting alertness and readiness for dominance.Power frustration → Causes a stress response, leading to physiological changes that can impact behavior.
- How do catecholamines influence testosterone and cortisol?
➡ Catecholamines stimulate testosterone release in dominance-seeking individuals.
➡ If stress is too high, cortisol rises and suppresses testosterone, decreasing dominance motivation.
- What is the overall biological model of power motivation?
➡ Power motivation is influenced by a dynamic interaction between testosterone, cortisol, estradiol, and catecholamines.
- What is the hormonal response pattern for power motivation?
Testosterone/estradiol increase, cortisol decreases, reinforcing dominance motivation.
✅ Power failure → Testosterone/estradiol decrease, cortisol increases, leading to stress and withdrawal.
- What are key research findings on hormonal influences in dominance behavior?
➡ Winning reinforces power motivation through testosterone and estradiol increases.
➡ Losing dampens power motivation due to cortisol spikes and testosterone/estradiol decreases.
➡ Catecholamines drive the immediate readiness to engage in dominance interactions.
