L1 - Gieseler et al. 2019 Flashcards
What is the Strength Model of Self-Control?
A model suggesting self-control functions like a muscle, depleting after use and making subsequent self-control harder.
What is self-control?
The ability to override impulses, emotions, and habitual behaviors to achieve long-term goals.
What is ego depletion?
A temporary state where prior self-control exertion reduces the ability to exert further self-control.
What is the behavioral level of psychological phenomena?
It explains behavior purely in terms of environmental influences.
What is the process level of psychological phenomena?
It explains behavior based on underlying mental processes.
Why is distinguishing behavioral and process levels important?
It prevents conflating what is being explained (behavior) with the explanation (mental processes).
What are the key criteria for evaluating a theory?
Consistency, precision, parsimony, generality, falsifiability, progress, and logical coherence.
What does consistency mean in theory evaluation?
The theory must align with empirical observations.
What is falsifiability in theory evaluation?
The theory must make testable predictions that could be proven wrong.
Is the strength model of self-control consistent?
It has mixed support—many studies confirm it, but recent replications question its validity.
What is the main criticism regarding the precision of the strength model?
It lacks a clear definition of self-control and the ‘limited resource’ it proposes.
Why is the strength model considered parsimonious?
It explains a broad phenomenon using just two core assumptions.
What is statistical power in research?
The likelihood that a study will detect a true effect if it exists.
Why is operationalization important in research?
It ensures that constructs are measured accurately and consistently.
What is p-hacking?
A practice where researchers manipulate analyses to make results significant.
What is publication bias?
The tendency for studies with significant results to be published more often than nonsignificant ones.
How does meta-analysis contribute to evaluating a theory?
It aggregates multiple studies to assess overall effect sizes and trends.
