L2 - Schultheiss & Wirth, 2008 Flashcards
What are the four hallmarks of motivation?
Goal-directedness, persistence, energization, and flexibility.
What does ‘goal-directedness’ mean in motivation?
Motivated behavior is aimed at achieving specific outcomes.
What does ‘persistence’ refer to in motivation?
The ability to sustain effort over time, even when facing obstacles.
What does ‘energization’ mean in motivation?
Motivated individuals experience an increase in physiological and psychological energy.
What does ‘flexibility’ mean in motivation?
Motivated individuals adapt their strategies to changing circumstances to achieve their goals.
What is the role of the hypothalamus in motivation?
It regulates basic survival drives, such as hunger, thirst, and aggression.
What is the role of the amygdala in motivation?
It processes the emotional significance of stimuli, particularly fear and reward.
What is the function of the nucleus accumbens in motivation?
It plays a central role in reward processing and reinforcement learning.
What is the ventral tegmental area (VTA) responsible for?
It is a major source of dopamine, involved in motivation and reward anticipation.
What role does the prefrontal cortex play in motivation?
It regulates goal-directed behavior and decision-making.
What does the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) do in motivation?
It is involved in effort-based decision-making and conflict monitoring.
What is the dominance motive?
The desire to exert control over others, achieve status, and maintain social influence.
Which brain structures are involved in dominance motivation?
The amygdala, prefrontal cortex, and dopaminergic system.
How does the amygdala contribute to dominance motivation?
It processes dominance-related emotional cues, such as facial expressions of submission.
What is the role of the prefrontal cortex in dominance motivation?
It regulates dominance behaviors and ensures appropriate social interactions.
How does the dopaminergic system reinforce dominance behavior?
It associates dominance behavior with reward, reinforcing status-seeking actions.
What are common behavioral manifestations of dominance motivation?
Competitive behavior in social hierarchies, increased physiological arousal when achieving dominance, and motivated persistence in leadership roles.
